Hi All, I was looking at some slides on OpenSSL and secure memory wiping using volatile (Slide 36 at http://www.slideshare.net/guanzhi/crypto-with-openssl). I believe GCC's interpretation of the use for 'volatile' is memory mapped hardware. I think Ian stated it for me some time ago when I was trying to understand different interpretations among compilers. If volatile is for memory mapped hardware, why does GCC compile the following: volatile void clean_memory(volatile void* dest, size_t len) { volatile unsigned char* p; for(p = (volatile unsigned char*)dest; len; dest[--len] = 0) ;; } How does a function become a 'volatile' memory mapped object related to hardware? Jeff