Thank you very much Andy.
The library problem is now solved.
I checked the symbolic link to libdl.so.1, and it is fine.
>From the test using your small c code c_link_test, it suggested something
fundamental causing the difference between your and my results, so I checked
my initial environment setting and found this line below in my .cshrc:
setenv LD_OPTIONS -Bstatic
Gees. Remove it and it goes.
Thanks for all help from Andy and the group!
Meng
----- Original Message -----
From: Andy Howell <AndyHowell@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: Fri, 01 Aug 2003 01:13:43 -0500
To: Meng-Hsueh Chiang <mhchiang@xxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: Static library for gcc compiling
> Meng,
>
> > I repeated the test you did, but things looked different. ldl was still not found.
> > Still not sure what has caused the difference. Also, there is only libdl.so.1
> > not libdl.so on the search, is this correct?
>
> On my machine I see:
>
> ls -l /usr/lib/libdl*
> lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jul 10 10:14 /usr/lib/libdl.so
> -> ./libdl.so.1
> -rwxr-xr-x 1 root bin 5292 Jan 25 2003 /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
>
> Looks like you are missing a symbolic link to libdl.so.1
>
> As root, try:
>
> cd /usr/lib
> ln -s libld.so.1 libld.so
>
> Ah, wait a sec, below I see it looking for libdl.a where my test showed
> it looking for libld.so followed libld.a. For dynamic linking, my
> results seem correct. The linker first tries find a .so, and then a .a
>
> For static, just looking for libdl.a would make sense. In my trace I see
> it looking for libdl.so.1, finding it, and opening it. Later it its
> looking for libdl.so. I am guessing that this is happening in two
> different contexts. In the first case, it is making use of the code in
> the lib, while in the second it is trying to find it do resolve symbols.
>
> Try adding the above symlink and see what happens. Just be careful. If
> you do something silly like renaming, you can bring your machine to a
> grinding halt, unable to boot. I know. I've done it :)
>
> Andy
>
> > Thanks,
> > Meng
> >
> >
> > gcc -c c_link_test.c
> > gcc -v -ldl c_link_test.o -o c_link_test
> >
> > Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/specs
> > Configured with: ../configure --disable-nls --with-as=/usr/ccs/bin/as --with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld
> > Thread model: posix
> > gcc version 3.2.3
> > /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/collect2 -V -Y P,/usr/ccs/lib:/usr/lib -Qy -o c_link_test /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crt1.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crti.o /usr/ccs/lib/values-Xa.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtbegin.o -L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3 -L/usr/ccs/bin -L/usr/ccs/lib -L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/../../.. -ldl c_link_test.o -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtend.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtn.o
> > ld: Software Generation Utilities - Solaris Link Editors: 5.8-1.282
> > ld: fatal: library -ldl: not found
> > ld: fatal: File processing errors. No output written to c_link_test
> > collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> >
> > truss -f -o out `which gcc` -v -ldl c_link_test.o -o c_link_test
> > SAME MESSAGE ABOVE
> >
> > grep libdl out
> > 6411: stat("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", 0xFFBEE98C) = 0
> > 6411: open("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
> > 6412: stat("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", 0xFFBEE20C) = 0
> > 6412: open("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
> > 6414: stat("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", 0xFFBEDFB4) = 0
> > 6414: open("/usr/lib/libdl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 6
> > 6414: open("/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/ccs/bin/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/ccs/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/../../../libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/openwin/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/openwin/lib/X11/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/lib/X11/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/openwin/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("~/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/X/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/openwin/lib/X11/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/ccs/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> > 6414: open("/usr/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: Andy Howell <AndyHowell@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 23:01:15 -0500
> > To: Meng-Hsueh Chiang <mhchiang@xxxxxxxx>
> > Subject: Re: Static library for gcc compiling
> >
> >
> >>Meng-Hsueh Chiang,
> >>
> >>
> >>I made a little test:
> >>
> >>#include <stdlib.h>
> >>#include <stdio.h>
> >>#include <dlfcn.h>
> >>
> >>main()
> >>{
> >> dlopen("you wont find me", RTLD_NOW);
> >> printf("Link me\n");
> >>}
> >>
> >>compiled it:
> >>
> >>gcc -c c_link_test.c
> >>
> >>Then linked it:
> >>
> >>gcc -v -ldl c_link_test.o -o c_link_test
> >>
> >>Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/specs
> >>Configured with: ../configure --disable-nls --with-as=/usr/ccs/bin/as
> >>--with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld
> >>Thread model: posix
> >>gcc version 3.3
> >> /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/collect2 -V -Y
> >>P,/usr/ccs/lib:/usr/lib -Qy -o c_link_test
> >>/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/crt1.o
> >>/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/crti.o
> >>/usr/ccs/lib/values-Xa.o
> >>/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/crtbegin.o
> >>-L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3 -L/usr/ccs/bin
> >>-L/usr/ccs/lib
> >>-L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/../../.. -ldl
> >>c_link_test.o -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc
> >>/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/crtend.o
> >>/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.3/crtn.o
> >>ld: Software Generation Utilities - Solaris Link Editors: 5.8-1.279
> >>
> >>ldd ./c_link_test
> >> libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
> >> libc.so.1 => /usr/lib/libc.so.1
> >>
> >>Aside from different files names and extra libs in your case, I can't
> >>see what the difference is. I have a newer compiler, 3.3, and you have a
> >>newer linker. Collect2 searches for c++ constructors and creates a c
> >>fiel containing them, compiles it, and then passes it to the linker. I
> >>was trying to find what its options mean, but only came across the above
> >> description. The only other thing I can suggest is run truss on gcc to
> >>see what it is doing:
> >>
> >>truss -f -o out `which gcc` -v -ldl c_link_test.o -o c_link_test
> >>
> >>This traces the system calls that gcc and it children (-f) are making
> >>and writes them to the file out (-o).
> >>
> >>"grep libdl out" shows where it is looking for libdl.so. Here is the
> >>tail end of the search on my box:
> >>
> >>586: open("/usr/local/lib/libdl.so", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("/usr/local/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("./libdl.so", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("./libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("/usr/ccs/lib/libdl.so", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("/usr/ccs/lib/libdl.a", O_RDONLY) Err#2 ENOENT
> >>1586: open("/usr/lib/libdl.so", O_RDONLY) = 7
> >>
> >>Sorry I can't give you a better answer. Maybe someone on the list can help.
> >>
> >>Andy
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>>Andy,
> >>>
> >>>I tried the gcc command and made it all dynamic, so it should not have any issue with static -ldl.
> >>>But it still said -ldl not found as follow (-v mode was used for your information).
> >>>Could you please give me some clue? I sincerely appreciate that.
> >>>Meng
> >>>
> >>>gcc -v -o spice3 spice3.o ./../../src/lib/misc.a -L/usr/openwin/lib -lXaw -lXt -lXext -lXmu -lX11 -lm -ltermlib -lsocket -lnsl -ldl
> >>>
> >>>Reading specs from /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/specs
> >>>Configured with: ../configure --disable-nls --with-as=/usr/ccs/bin/as --with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld
> >>>Thread model: posix
> >>>gcc version 3.2.3
> >>> /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/collect2 -V -Y P,/usr/ccs/lib:/usr/lib -Qy -o spice3 /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crt1.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crti.o /usr/ccs/lib/values-Xa.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtbegin.o -L/usr/openwin/lib -L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3 -L/usr/ccs/bin -L/usr/ccs/lib -L/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/../../.. spice3.o ./../../src/lib/misc.a -lXaw -lXt -lXext -lXmu -lX11 -lm -ltermlib -lsocket -lnsl -ldl -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtend.o /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-solaris2.8/3.2.3/crtn.o
> >>>ld: Software Generation Utilities - Solaris Link Editors: 5.8-1.282
> >>>ld: fatal: library -ldl: not found
> >>>ld: fatal: File processing errors. No output written to spice3
> >>>collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>----- Original Message -----
> >>>From: Andy Howell <AndyHowell@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> >>>Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 11:09:08 -0500
> >>>To: Meng-Hsueh Chiang <mhchiang@xxxxxxxx>
> >>>Subject: Re: Static library for gcc compiling
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>Meng-Hsueh Chiang wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>Thank you Andy for your helpful suggestion.
> >>>>>It did finish the compiling. But when I ran the executable, core dumped.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>Somehow, long time ago, I could compile it on my previous machine with
> >>>>>gcc -o spice spice3.o ./../../src/lib/misc.a -L/usr/lib -lXaw -lXt -lXext -lXmu -lX11 -lw -lm -ltermlib -lsocket -lnsl -ldl
> >>>>>and got no complaint (I didn't see the problem before).
> >>>>
> >>>>Ok, no directives on the compile command to make it static, so its all
> >>>>dynamic. Looks fine.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>ldd spice
> >>>>> libXaw.so.5 => /usr/lib/libXaw.so.5
> >>>>> libXt.so.4 => /usr/lib/libXt.so.4
> >>>>> libXext.so.0 => /usr/lib/libXext.so.0
> >>>>> libXmu.so.4 => /usr/lib/libXmu.so.4
> >>>>> libX11.so.4 => /usr/lib/libX11.so.4
> >>>>> libw.so.1 => /usr/lib/libw.so.1
> >>>>> libm.so.1 => /usr/lib/libm.so.1
> >>>>> libcurses.so.1 => /usr/lib/libcurses.so.1
> >>>>> libsocket.so.1 => /usr/lib/libsocket.so.1
> >>>>> libnsl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libnsl.so.1
> >>>>> libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
> >>>>> libc.so.1 => /usr/lib/libc.so.1
> >>>>> libSM.so.6 => /usr/lib/libSM.so.6
> >>>>> libICE.so.6 => /usr/lib/libICE.so.6
> >>>>> libdga.so.1 => /usr/openwin/lib/libdga.so.1
> >>>>> libmp.so.2 => /usr/lib/libmp.so.2
> >>>>> /usr/platform/SUNW,Sun-Blade-1000/lib/libc_psr.so.1
> >>>>>
> >>>>>But now with Xlinker (as you suggeted in order to overcome -ldl issue)
> >>>>>gcc -o spice spice.o ./../../src/lib/misc.a -L/usr/lib -lXaw -lXt -lXext -Bstatic -lXmu -Bdynamic -lX11 -lm -ltermlib -lsocket -lnsl -Xlinker -B -Xlinker dynamic -ldl -Xlinker -B -Xlinker static
> >>>>>
> >>>>>ldd spice
> >>>>> libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
> >>>>
> >>>>Hmm, thats kind of wierd. I would have expected lib Xmu to be static and
> >>>>everything else to be dynamic. Try -v on the compile line, I think that
> >>>>shows what it being passed to the linker.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>The library list is a lot shorter. Seems strange? Could you please give me some clues?
> >>>>>Also, what would be causing the -ldl issue for my new system ? I know the SunOS, and gcc
> >>>>>are different.
> >>>>
> >>>>I have made Solaris 5.8 binaries with mixed dynamic and static libs, so
> >>>>I know that it works. The trick is getting options in the right order...
> >>>>
> >>>>Andy
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>Thanks a lot,
> >>>>>Meng
> >>>>>
> >>>>>----- Original Message -----
> >>>>>From: Andy Howell <AndyHowell@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> >>>>>Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2003 22:55:13 -0500
> >>>>>To: Meng-Hsueh Chiang <mhchiang@xxxxxxxx>
> >>>>>Subject: Re: Static library for gcc compiling
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>Meng-Hsueh Chiang wrote:
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>I am getting undefined symbol (_dlclose, _dlopen, _dlsym) errors
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>from gcc compiling.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>>If I added -ldl after gcc to resolve the issue, it said
> >>>>>>>"ld: fatal: library -ldl: not found"
> >>>>>>>because Sun didn't include a static version of `libdl.a' in /usr/lib.
> >>>>>>>Does anyone know where I can get the file libdl.a for Solaris?
> >>>>>>>or is there any workaround solution?
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>Thanks a lot in advance!
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>You should be able to add
> >>>>>>-Xlinker -B -Xlinker dynamic -ldl -Xlinker -B -Xlinker static
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>around it get it to work. Its been awhile since I've done it. You might
> >>>>>>have to play with the positioning of this in the link line.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>Andy
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>
> >>
> >
> >
>
>
