I am not debating static vs dynamic rather I am dealing with environments where I can't predict what libraries are available or possibly what version. Without having access to the proper build environments static binaries just get me further along than dynamic ones. Using a snapshot of fio 1.50.2 as a base on an Ubuntu 10 32bit setup I set about trying to do a static build of fio. Linux xyusfl541 2.6.32-26-generic-pae #48-Ubuntu SMP Wed Nov 24 10:31:20 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux gcc -v Using built-in specs. Target: i486-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-plugin --enable-objc-gc --enable-targets=all --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i486 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=i486-linux-gnu --host=i486-linux-gnu --target=i486-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5) If you toss --static into the Makefile OPTFLAGS= -O2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g --static $(EXTFLAGS) The reulting make blows up when you get to the CC fio line (below is a small excerpt from that) fio/fio/engines/net.c:450: warning: Using 'gethostbyname' in statically linked applications requires at runtime the shared libraries from the glibc version used for linking gettime.o: In function `calibrate_cpu_clock': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/gettime.c:228: undefined reference to `sqrt' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/gettime.c:234: undefined reference to `fmax' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/gettime.c:234: undefined reference to `fmin' fio.o: In function `thread_main': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1052: undefined reference to `pthread_mutex_init' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1055: undefined reference to `pthread_condattr_init' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1056: undefined reference to `pthread_cond_init' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1057: undefined reference to `pthread_cond_init' fio.o: In function `fio_start_gtod_thread': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1420: undefined reference to `pthread_attr_init' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1421: undefined reference to `pthread_attr_setstacksize' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1422: undefined reference to `pthread_create' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1423: undefined reference to `pthread_attr_destroy' fio.o: In function `run_threads': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1564: undefined reference to `pthread_create' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1572: undefined reference to `pthread_detach' fio.o: In function `fio_start_gtod_thread': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:1429: undefined reference to `pthread_detach' fio.o: In function `create_disk_util_thread': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:151: undefined reference to `pthread_create' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/fio.c:157: undefined reference to `pthread_detach' ioengines.o: In function `close_ioengine': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:165: undefined reference to `dlclose' ioengines.o: In function `dlopen_ioengine': /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:96: undefined reference to `dlerror' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:97: undefined reference to `dlopen' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:107: undefined reference to `dlsym' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:110: undefined reference to `dlclose' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:99: undefined reference to `dlerror' /home/xxxxxx/fio/fio/ioengines.c:109: undefined reference to `dlerror' To fix the problem I ended up making two changes. change LIBS line by moving -lpthread to the end of the line LIBS = -lm -ldl -lrt -laio -lpthread change the fio CC line by moving $(LIBS) to the end of the line $(QUIET_CC)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LIBS) Doing a make results in the warnings that while not perfect are better than what I had. fio: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, for GNU/Linux 2.6.15, not stripped I am by no means a programmer so the intricacies of gcc and linking are beyond my current expertise. Thanks, Roger -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe fio" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
