Re: goal: booting with an empty /etc

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On Fri, Dec 08, 2023 at 05:23:08PM +0100, Florian Weimer wrote:
> * Stephen Gallagher:
> 
> > That being said, there are files like /etc/nsswitch.conf, /etc/pam.d/*
> > and /etc/fstab which are both API *and* sometimes see manual updates.
> > These are some of the cases that are going to make getting to an empty
> > /etc very hard to finish off. There's a lot of low-hanging fruit we
> > can take care of in the meantime, but getting the last 1% of packages
> > done is going to take a lot of inter-distro conversations.
> 
> We could add some sort of :include: processing to glibc, but that's
> going to impact much more than just glibc in the end (Go has its own
> parser for /etc/passwd, I believe others have their own for
> /etc/nsswitch.conf).

IIUC, you mean that e.g. /etc/services would still exist, but
would contain ":include:/usr/etc/services". That's not a great answer,
because you still need /etc/services to exist. It's also a rather
complex solution, because special parsing is needed… It's both easier
and more powerful to say "check for /etc/services, and if doesn't exist,
fall back to /usr/etc/services". It's:
- simple to implement and understand,
- backwards compatible in the sense that a local system that has
  the file modified will work without changes,
- and as discussed in another part of the thread, we can add
  optionally add tmpfiles.d config to symlink /etc/services → /usr/etc/services
  on boot if there are other consumers that don't yet support the new
  location.

Yet another approach is to allow *multiple* files, like with sysusers.d
or tmpfiles.d. For '/etc/services', this would make a lot of sense,
because users generally would want to override or add a few lines,
and keep the rest of the config unchanged.

The case of glibc is very special. It'd be great to move its files
out of /etc too, but each file might need some custom mechanism and
discussion about the best approach.

Zbyszek
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