PROBLEM: Memory leaking when running kubernetes cronjobs

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(Resending to mailing list as first attempt got bounced for having html)
Hi, 

we are hitting the following kernel issue, which we think might be caused 
by memory cgroups.: 

[1.] One line summary of the problem: Memory leaking when running 
kubernetes cronjobs 

[2.] Full description of the problem/report: 
We are using Kubernetes V1.8.15 with docker 18.03.1-ce. 
We schedule 50 Kubernetes cronjobs to run every 5 minutes. Each cronjob 
will create a simple busybox container, echo hello world, then terminate. 
In the first set of data I have I let this run for 1 hour, and in this 
time the Available memory had reduced from 31256704 kB to 30461224 kB - so 
a loss of 776 MB. 
There doesn't appear to be any processes left behind, or any growth in any 
other processes to explain where the memory has gone. 
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches causes some of the memory to be 
returned, but the majority remains leaked, and the only way to free it 
appears to be to reboot the system. 

We are currently running Ubuntu 4.15.0-32.35-generic 4.15.18 and have 
previously observed similar issues on Ubuntu 16.04 with Kernel 
4.4.0-89-generic #112-Ubuntu SMP Mon Jul 31 19:38:41 UTC 2017 and Debian 
9.4 running 4.9.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.82-1+deb9u3 (2018-03-02), and 
I have just recreated on Linux version 4.19.0-041900rc3-generic 

The leak was more severe on the Debian system, and investigations there 
showed leaks in pcpu_get_vm_areas and were related to memory cgroups. 
Running with Kernel 4.17 on debian showed a leak at a similar rate to what 
we now observe on 4.15 & 4.19 Kernels with Ubuntu. This leak causes us 
issues as we need to run cronjobs regularly for backups and want the 
systems to remain up for months. 

Kubernetes will create a new cgroup each time the cronjob runs, but these 
are removed when the job completes (which takes a few seconds). If I use 
systemd-cgtop I don't see any increase in cgroups over time - but if I 
monitor /proc/cgroups over time I can see num_cgroups for memory increases 
for about the first 18 hours, and then stabilises at around 4300. 

For the duration of the test I collected slabinfo, meminfo, vmallocinfo & 
cgroups - which I can provide. 

I stopped the cronjobs after 1 hour, and I then left the system idle for 
10 minutes. I then ran echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches . This seemed to 
free ~240MB - but this still leaves ~500MB lost. I then left the system 
idle for a further 20 minutes, and MemoryAvailable didn't seem to be 
increasing significantly. 

I have performed another run for a longer period, and after 89 hours, the 
MemoryAvailable has reduced by ~5.5GB - the rate of decrease seems less 
severe after the first 4-5 hours - but clearly continues to decrease at a 
rate of ~1 GB per day for the duration of the test. 

After ~110 hours I ran `stress --vm 16 --vm-bytes 2147483648` to generate 
some memory pressure to see how much would be reclaimed. 
Before running the stress utility  MemAvailable was 24585576 
After running the stress utility MemAvailable was 27266788 

I ran ps aux | awk '{sum+=$6} END {print sum / 1024}' 
which showed: 1220.44 

Since the start of the test it looks like we have leaked 3.8GB which is 
not reclaimable under memory pressure. 

This was originally raised as this Ubuntu bug: 
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1792349 , which 
requested a kernel bug be opened. 

[3.] Keywords (i.e., modules, networking, kernel): 
[4.] Kernel version (from /proc/version):Kernel version: Linux version 
4.19.0-041900rc3-generic (kernel@gloin) (gcc version 8.2.0 (Ubuntu 
8.2.0-6ubuntu1)) #201809120832 SMP Wed Sep 12 12:35:08 UTC 2018 
[5.] Output of Oops.. message (if applicable) with symbolic information 
resolved (see Documentation/oops-tracing.txt): n/a 
[6.] A small shell script or example program which triggers the problem 
(if possible): Tricky to provide as Kubernetes is fairly complex to 
setup/configure 
[7.] Environment 
        Description:        Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS 
        Release:        18.04 
[7.1.] Software (add the output of the ver_linux script here): 
Linux stage-dal09-carrier1-worker-37.alchemy.ibm.com 
4.19.0-041900rc3-generic #201809120832 SMP Wed Sep 12 12:35:08 UTC 2018 
x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 

GNU Make                    4.1 
Binutils                    2.30 
Util-linux                  2.31.1 
Mount                       2.31.1 
Module-init-tools           24 
E2fsprogs                   1.44.1 
Xfsprogs                    4.9.0 
Nfs-utils                   1.3.3 
Linux C Library             2.27 
Dynamic linker (ldd)        2.27 
Linux C++ Library           6.0.25 
Procps                      3.3.12 
Net-tools                   2.10 
Kbd                         2.0.4 
Console-tools               2.0.4 
Sh-utils                    8.28 
Udev                        237 
Modules Loaded              async_memcpy async_pq async_raid6_recov 
async_tx async_xor autofs4 binfmt_misc bpfilter bridge btrfs cirrus 
crc32_pclmul crct10dif_pclmul cryptd drm drm_kms_helper fb_sys_fops floppy 
ghash_clmulni_intel hid hid_generic i2c_piix4 ib_cm ib_core ib_iser 
ide_core ide_pci_generic input_leds intel_rapl intel_rapl_perf ip6_tables 
ip6t_REJECT ip6t_rt ip6table_filter ip_set ip_set_hash_ip ip_set_hash_net 
ip_tables ip_tunnel ip_vs ipip ipt_MASQUERADE ipt_REJECT iptable_filter 
iptable_mangle iptable_nat iptable_raw iscsi_tcp iw_cm joydev libcrc32c 
libiscsi libiscsi_tcp linear llc mac_hid multipath nf_conntrack 
nf_conntrack_broadcast nf_conntrack_ftp nf_conntrack_netbios_ns 
nf_conntrack_netlink nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_log_common 
nf_log_ipv4 nf_log_ipv6 nf_nat nf_nat_ftp nf_nat_ipv4 nf_reject_ipv4 
nf_reject_ipv6 nfnetlink overlay parport parport_pc pata_acpi piix ppdev 
psmouse raid0 raid1 raid10 raid456 raid6_pq rdma_cm sb_edac sch_fq_codel 
scsi_transport_iscsi serio_raw stp sunrpc syscopyarea sysfillrect 
sysimgblt ttm tunnel4 usbhid veth x_tables xen_privcmd xenfs xfrm_algo 
xfrm_user xor xt_LOG xt_addrtype xt_comment xt_conntrack xt_hl xt_limit 
xt_mark xt_multiport xt_nat xt_recent xt_set xt_statistic xt_tcpudp 
zstd_compress 

[7.2.] Processor information (from /proc/cpuinfo): 

(There are 16 processors - just including first one for brevity) 

processor        : 0 
vendor_id        : GenuineIntel 
cpu family        : 6 
model                : 63 
model name        : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2683 v3 @ 2.00GHz 
stepping        : 2 
microcode        : 0x3d 
cpu MHz                : 2000.018 
cache size        : 35840 KB 
physical id        : 0 
siblings        : 16 
core id                : 0 
cpu cores        : 16 
apicid                : 0 
initial apicid        : 0 
fpu                : yes 
fpu_exception        : yes 
cpuid level        : 13 
wp                : yes 
flags                : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr 
pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall pdpe1gb 
rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 
pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx f16c 
rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm cpuid_fault invpcid_single pti intel_ppin 
ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid 
xsaveopt flush_l1d 
bugs                : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass 
l1tf 
bogomips        : 4000.08 
clflush size        : 64 
cache_alignment        : 64 
address sizes        : 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual 
power management: 

[7.3.] Module information (from /proc/modules): 
binfmt_misc 20480 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0a7c000 
veth 24576 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0a75000 
xt_set 20480 4 - Live 0xffffffffc0a6f000 
xt_multiport 16384 11 - Live 0xffffffffc0a65000 
iptable_raw 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0a60000 
iptable_mangle 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0a45000 
ip_set_hash_ip 32768 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0a57000 
ip_set_hash_net 32768 2 - Live 0xffffffffc0a4a000 
ip_set 40960 3 xt_set,ip_set_hash_ip,ip_set_hash_net, Live 
0xffffffffc0a3a000 
ipip 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0a35000 
tunnel4 16384 1 ipip, Live 0xffffffffc0a30000 
ip_tunnel 24576 1 ipip, Live 0xffffffffc0a29000 
xt_statistic 16384 5172 - Live 0xffffffffc0a24000 
xt_nat 16384 8652 - Live 0xffffffffc0a1f000 
xt_recent 20480 2 - Live 0xffffffffc0a15000 
ipt_MASQUERADE 16384 3 - Live 0xffffffffc0a10000 
xt_mark 16384 568 - Live 0xffffffffc096c000 
bridge 159744 0 - Live 0xffffffffc09e8000 
stp 16384 1 bridge, Live 0xffffffffc09e1000 
llc 16384 2 bridge,stp, Live 0xffffffffc09d9000 
xfrm_user 36864 1 - Live 0xffffffffc09cb000 
xfrm_algo 16384 1 xfrm_user, Live 0xffffffffc09c6000 
nf_conntrack_netlink 40960 0 - Live 0xffffffffc09bb000 
nfnetlink 16384 3 ip_set,nf_conntrack_netlink, Live 0xffffffffc0967000 
xt_comment 16384 39264 - Live 0xffffffffc095c000 
overlay 106496 8 - Live 0xffffffffc09a0000 
iptable_nat 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc094e000 
nf_nat_ipv4 16384 2 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat, Live 0xffffffffc0957000 
ip_vs 147456 0 - Live 0xffffffffc097b000 
ppdev 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0896000 
intel_rapl 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0975000 
sb_edac 24576 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0947000 
joydev 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0961000 
intel_rapl_perf 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0891000 
input_leds 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc088c000 
serio_raw 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0887000 
parport_pc 36864 0 - Live 0xffffffffc08d4000 
parport 49152 2 ppdev,parport_pc, Live 0xffffffffc08c2000 
mac_hid 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0882000 
ip6t_REJECT 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc087a000 
nf_reject_ipv6 16384 1 ip6t_REJECT, Live 0xffffffffc0875000 
nf_log_ipv6 16384 3 - Live 0xffffffffc0870000 
xt_hl 16384 22 - Live 0xffffffffc086b000 
ip6t_rt 16384 3 - Live 0xffffffffc0863000 
ipt_REJECT 16384 23 - Live 0xffffffffc085b000 
nf_reject_ipv4 16384 1 ipt_REJECT, Live 0xffffffffc0856000 
nf_log_ipv4 16384 3 - Live 0xffffffffc084e000 
nf_log_common 16384 2 nf_log_ipv6,nf_log_ipv4, Live 0xffffffffc0846000 
xt_LOG 16384 6 - Live 0xffffffffc083e000 
xt_limit 16384 9 - Live 0xffffffffc082f000 
xt_tcpudp 16384 20850 - Live 0xffffffffc082a000 
xt_addrtype 16384 18 - Live 0xffffffffc0795000 
sch_fq_codel 20480 17 - Live 0xffffffffc078f000 
xt_conntrack 16384 155 - Live 0xffffffffc0822000 
ip6table_filter 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc07c4000 
ip6_tables 28672 53 ip6table_filter, Live 0xffffffffc0816000 
nf_conntrack_netbios_ns 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc080e000 
nf_conntrack_broadcast 16384 1 nf_conntrack_netbios_ns, Live 
0xffffffffc073d000 
nf_nat_ftp 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc06cc000 
nf_nat 32768 3 xt_nat,nf_nat_ipv4,nf_nat_ftp, Live 0xffffffffc079f000 
nf_conntrack_ftp 20480 1 nf_nat_ftp, Live 0xffffffffc0804000 
nf_conntrack 143360 11 
xt_nat,ipt_MASQUERADE,nf_conntrack_netlink,nf_nat_ipv4,ip_vs,xt_conntrack,nf_conntrack_netbios_ns,nf_conntrack_broadcast,nf_nat_ftp,nf_nat,nf_conntrack_ftp, 
Live 0xffffffffc07d4000 
nf_defrag_ipv6 20480 1 nf_conntrack, Live 0xffffffffc07ca000 
ib_iser 53248 0 - Live 0xffffffffc07b6000 
nf_defrag_ipv4 16384 1 nf_conntrack, Live 0xffffffffc0743000 
rdma_cm 57344 1 ib_iser, Live 0xffffffffc072e000 
iptable_filter 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0729000 
iw_cm 45056 1 rdma_cm, Live 0xffffffffc06b1000 
ib_cm 53248 1 rdma_cm, Live 0xffffffffc07a8000 
bpfilter 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc053a000 
ib_core 237568 4 ib_iser,rdma_cm,iw_cm,ib_cm, Live 0xffffffffc0754000 
iscsi_tcp 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc074e000 
libiscsi_tcp 20480 1 iscsi_tcp, Live 0xffffffffc0748000 
sunrpc 356352 1 - Live 0xffffffffc06d1000 
libiscsi 57344 3 ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,libiscsi_tcp, Live 0xffffffffc06bd000 
xenfs 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc0523000 
xen_privcmd 20480 1 xenfs, Live 0xffffffffc0330000 
scsi_transport_iscsi 98304 4 ib_iser,iscsi_tcp,libiscsi, Live 
0xffffffffc0698000 
ip_tables 24576 14 iptable_raw,iptable_mangle,iptable_nat,iptable_filter, 
Live 0xffffffffc045f000 
x_tables 36864 23 
xt_set,xt_multiport,iptable_raw,iptable_mangle,xt_statistic,xt_nat,xt_recent,ipt_MASQUERADE,xt_mark,xt_comment,ip6t_REJECT,xt_hl,ip6t_rt,ipt_REJECT,xt_LOG,xt_limit,xt_tcpudp,xt_addrtype,xt_conntrack,ip6table_filter,ip6_tables,iptable_filter,ip_tables, 
Live 0xffffffffc068e000 
autofs4 40960 2 - Live 0xffffffffc0683000 
btrfs 1159168 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0567000 
zstd_compress 159744 1 btrfs, Live 0xffffffffc053f000 
raid10 53248 0 - Live 0xffffffffc052c000 
raid456 151552 0 - Live 0xffffffffc04fd000 
async_raid6_recov 20480 1 raid456, Live 0xffffffffc04f7000 
async_memcpy 16384 2 raid456,async_raid6_recov, Live 0xffffffffc04f2000 
async_pq 16384 2 raid456,async_raid6_recov, Live 0xffffffffc04ed000 
async_xor 16384 3 raid456,async_raid6_recov,async_pq, Live 
0xffffffffc04b5000 
async_tx 16384 5 
raid456,async_raid6_recov,async_memcpy,async_pq,async_xor, Live 
0xffffffffc04b0000 
xor 24576 2 btrfs,async_xor, Live 0xffffffffc0483000 
raid6_pq 114688 4 btrfs,raid456,async_raid6_recov,async_pq, Live 
0xffffffffc0493000 
libcrc32c 16384 5 ip_vs,nf_nat,nf_conntrack,btrfs,raid456, Live 
0xffffffffc047e000 
raid1 40960 0 - Live 0xffffffffc046b000 
raid0 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0422000 
multipath 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc02fe000 
linear 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0312000 
hid_generic 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0304000 
usbhid 49152 0 - Live 0xffffffffc02f1000 
hid 126976 2 hid_generic,usbhid, Live 0xffffffffc042e000 
cirrus 24576 1 - Live 0xffffffffc02e4000 
ttm 106496 1 cirrus, Live 0xffffffffc03eb000 
drm_kms_helper 167936 1 cirrus, Live 0xffffffffc04c3000 
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc02ec000 
crct10dif_pclmul 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc04bb000 
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc048e000 
crc32_pclmul 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0429000 
ide_pci_generic 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc045a000 
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc0317000 
ghash_clmulni_intel 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0479000 
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc0466000 
piix 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0452000 
cryptd 24576 1 ghash_clmulni_intel, Live 0xffffffffc0347000 
ide_core 106496 2 ide_pci_generic,piix, Live 0xffffffffc0407000 
drm 466944 4 cirrus,ttm,drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc0352000 
psmouse 151552 0 - Live 0xffffffffc03c5000 
i2c_piix4 24576 0 - Live 0xffffffffc033c000 
pata_acpi 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0337000 
floppy 77824 0 - Live 0xffffffffc031c000 


[7.4.] Loaded driver and hardware information (/proc/ioports, /proc/iomem) 

cat /proc/ioports 
0000-0cf7 : PCI Bus 0000:00 
  0000-001f : dma1 
  0020-0021 : pic1 
  0040-0043 : timer0 
  0050-0053 : timer1 
  0060-0060 : keyboard 
  0061-0061 : PNP0800:00 
  0064-0064 : keyboard 
  0070-0071 : rtc0 
  0080-008f : dma page reg 
  00a0-00a1 : pic2 
  00c0-00df : dma2 
  00f0-00ff : fpu 
  0170-0177 : 0000:00:01.1 
    0170-0177 : ata_piix 
  01f0-01f7 : 0000:00:01.1 
    01f0-01f7 : ata_piix 
  0376-0376 : 0000:00:01.1 
    0376-0376 : ata_piix 
  0378-037a : parport0 
  03c0-03df : vga+ 
  03f2-03f2 : floppy 
  03f4-03f5 : floppy 
  03f6-03f6 : 0000:00:01.1 
    03f6-03f6 : ata_piix 
  03f7-03f7 : floppy 
  03f8-03ff : serial 
  04d0-04d1 : pnp 00:01 
  08a0-08a3 : pnp 00:01 
  0cc0-0ccf : pnp 00:01 
0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1 
0d00-ffff : PCI Bus 0000:00 
  10c0-1141 : pnp 00:08 
  afe0-afe3 : ACPI GPE0_BLK 
  b000-b03f : 0000:00:01.3 
    b000-b003 : ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK 
    b004-b005 : ACPI PM1a_CNT_BLK 
    b008-b00b : ACPI PM_TMR 
  b044-b047 : pnp 00:08 
  c000-c0ff : 0000:00:03.0 
    c000-c0ff : xen-platform-pci 
  c300-c31f : 0000:00:01.2 
    c300-c31f : uhci_hcd 
  c320-c32f : 0000:00:01.1 
    c320-c32f : ata_piix 

cat /proc/iomem 
00000000-00000fff : Reserved 
00001000-0009dfff : System RAM 
0009e000-0009ffff : Reserved 
000a0000-000bffff : PCI Bus 0000:00 
000c0000-000c8bff : Video ROM 
000c9000-000c99ff : Adapter ROM 
000e0000-000fffff : Reserved 
  000f0000-000fffff : System ROM 
00100000-efffffff : System RAM 
f0000000-fbffffff : PCI Bus 0000:00 
  f0000000-f1ffffff : 0000:00:02.0 
    f0000000-f1ffffff : cirrusdrmfb_vram 
  f2000000-f2ffffff : 0000:00:03.0 
    f2000000-f2ffffff : xen-platform-pci 
  f3000000-f33fffff : 0000:00:06.0 
  f3400000-f3400fff : 0000:00:02.0 
    f3400000-f3400fff : cirrusdrmfb_mmio 
fc000000-ffffffff : Reserved 
  fec00000-fec003ff : IOAPIC 0 
  fed00000-fed003ff : HPET 0 
    fed00000-fed003ff : PNP0103:00 
  fee00000-fee00fff : Local APIC 
100000000-80fbfffff : System RAM 
  30b400000-30c2031d0 : Kernel code 
  30c2031d1-30cc9fa3f : Kernel data 
  30cf22000-30d16dfff : Kernel bss 
80fc00000-80fffffff : RAM buffer 

[7.5.] PCI information ('lspci -vvv' as root) 

sudo lspci -vvv 
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] (rev 
02) 
        Subsystem: Red Hat, Inc Qemu virtual machine 
        Physical Slot: 0 
        Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 

00:01.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II] 

        Subsystem: Red Hat, Inc Qemu virtual machine 
        Physical Slot: 1 
        Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 

00:01.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton 
II] (prog-if 80 [Master]) 
        Subsystem: XenSource, Inc. 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II] 
        Physical Slot: 1 
        Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 64 
        Region 0: [virtual] Memory at 000001f0 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) 
[size=8] 
        Region 1: [virtual] Memory at 000003f0 (type 3, non-prefetchable) 
        Region 2: [virtual] Memory at 00000170 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) 
[size=8] 
        Region 3: [virtual] Memory at 00000370 (type 3, non-prefetchable) 
        Region 4: I/O ports at c320 [size=16] 
        Kernel driver in use: ata_piix 
        Kernel modules: pata_acpi, piix, ide_pci_generic 

00:01.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton 
II] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) 
        Subsystem: XenSource, Inc. 82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II] 
        Physical Slot: 1 
        Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 64 
        Interrupt: pin D routed to IRQ 23 
        Region 4: I/O ports at c300 [size=32] 
        Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd 

00:01.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 01) 
        Subsystem: Red Hat, Inc Qemu virtual machine 
        Physical Slot: 1 
        Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 
        Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 9 
        Kernel modules: i2c_piix4 

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Cirrus Logic GD 5446 (prog-if 00 [VGA 
controller]) 
        Subsystem: XenSource, Inc. GD 5446 
        Physical Slot: 2 
        Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 
        Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 24 
        Region 0: Memory at f0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] 
        Region 1: Memory at f3400000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] 
        [virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K] 
        Kernel driver in use: cirrus 
        Kernel modules: cirrusfb, cirrus 

00:03.0 SCSI storage controller: XenSource, Inc. Xen Platform Device (rev 
01) 
        Subsystem: XenSource, Inc. Xen Platform Device 
        Physical Slot: 3 
        Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 
        Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 30 
        Region 0: I/O ports at c000 [size=256] 
        Region 1: Memory at f2000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=16M] 
        Kernel driver in use: xen-platform-pci 

00:06.0 System peripheral: XenSource, Inc. Citrix XenServer PCI Device for 
Windows Update (rev 01) 
        Subsystem: XenSource, Inc. Citrix XenServer PCI Device for Windows 
Update 
        Physical Slot: 6 
        Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- 
ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 
        Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- 
<TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 
        Latency: 0 
        Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 5 
        Region 1: Memory at f3000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=4M] 

[7.6.] SCSI information (from /proc/scsi/scsi) 
Attached devices: 

[7.7.] Other information that might be relevant to the problem 
       (please look in /proc and include all information that you 
       think to be relevant): 

cat slabinfo 

slabinfo - version: 2.1 
# name            <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> <objperslab> 
<pagesperslab> : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor> : slabdata 
<active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail> 
ovl_inode           9408   9408    680   48    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    196    196      0 
ext4_groupinfo_1k     60     60    136   60    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
nf_conntrack_expect      0      0    216   37    2 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
nf_conntrack        6783   6783    320   51    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    133    133      0 
rpc_inode_cache      102    102    640   51    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      2      2      0 
ext4_groupinfo_4k   3248   3248    144   56    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     58     58      0 
btrfs_delayed_ref_head      0      0    152   53    2 : tunables    0    0 
   0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_delayed_node      0      0    296   55    4 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_ordered_extent      0      0    416   39    4 : tunables    0    0  
0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_extent_map       0      0    144   56    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_extent_buffer      0      0    280   58    4 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_path             0      0    112   36    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
btrfs_inode            0      0   1136   28    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
PINGv6                 0      0   1152   28    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
RAWv6               2184   2408   1152   28    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     86     86      0 
UDPv6               4037   4175   1280   25    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    167    167      0 
tw_sock_TCPv6       2176   2176    240   68    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     32     32      0 
request_sock_TCPv6      0      0    304   53    4 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata      0      0      0 
TCPv6               2716   2716   2304   14    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    194    194      0 
kcopyd_job             0      0   3312    9    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dm_uevent              0      0   2632   12    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
scsi_sense_cache       0      0    128   64    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
cfq_io_cq              0      0    120   68    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
mqueue_inode_cache    544    544    960   34    8 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata     16     16      0 
fuse_request         640    640    400   40    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
fuse_inode          7566   7566    832   39    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    194    194      0 
ecryptfs_key_record_cache      0      0    576   56    8 : tunables    0  
0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
ecryptfs_headers       8      8   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
ecryptfs_inode_cache      0      0    960   34    8 : tunables    0    0  
0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
ecryptfs_dentry_info_cache    128    128     32  128    1 : tunables    0  
 0    0 : slabdata      1      1      0 
ecryptfs_file_cache      0      0     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
ecryptfs_auth_tok_list_item      0      0    832   39    8 : tunables    0 
   0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
fat_inode_cache        0      0    736   44    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
fat_cache              0      0     40  102    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
squashfs_inode_cache     92     92    704   46    8 : tunables    0    0  
0 : slabdata      2      2      0 
jbd2_journal_head  12376  12376    120   68    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    182    182      0 
jbd2_revoke_table_s    768    768     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      3      3      0 
ext4_inode_cache   73909  82020   1080   30    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   2734   2734      0 
ext4_allocation_context   1024   1024    128   64    2 : tunables    0 0  
0 : slabdata     16     16      0 
ext4_io_end         1984   1984     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     31     31      0 
ext4_extent_status  82192  83130     40  102    1 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata    815    815      0 
mbcache             5548   5548     56   73    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     76     76      0 
fscrypt_info        7680   7680     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     60     60      0 
fscrypt_ctx         1360   1360     48   85    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
userfaultfd_ctx_cache      0      0    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0  
 0 : slabdata      0      0      0 
dnotify_struct         0      0     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
posix_timers_cache    544    544    240   68    4 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata      8      8      0 
UNIX                8544   8544   1024   32    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    267    267      0 
ip4-frags            624    624    208   39    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
secpath_cache       1024   1024    128   64    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
xfrm_dst_cache         0      0    320   51    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
xfrm_state             0      0    768   42    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
PING                   0      0    960   34    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
RAW                 6086   6392    960   34    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    188    188      0 
tw_sock_TCP         2176   2176    240   68    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     32     32      0 
request_sock_TCP     901    901    304   53    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     17     17      0 
TCP                 1605   1605   2176   15    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    107    107      0 
hugetlbfs_inode_cache    104    104    624   52    8 : tunables    0    0  
 0 : slabdata      2      2      0 
dquot               1024   1024    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
eventpoll_pwq      25984  25984     72   56    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    464    464      0 
inotify_inode_mark   3978   3978     80   51    1 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata     78     78      0 
dax_cache             42     42    768   42    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
request_queue         39     39   2480   13    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      3      3      0 
blkdev_requests       52     52    312   52    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
biovec-max           300    304   8192    4    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     76     76      0 
biovec-128            32     32   2048   16    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      2      2      0 
biovec-64            512    512   1024   32    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
dmaengine-unmap-256     15     15   2112   15    8 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
dmaengine-unmap-128     30     30   1088   30    8 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata      1      1      0 
dmaengine-unmap-16  13860  13860    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata    330    330      0 
dmaengine-unmap-2   3072   3072     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     48     48      0 
sock_inode_cache   26914  27232    704   46    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    592    592      0 
skbuff_fclone_cache   1216   1216    512   64    8 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata     19     19      0 
skbuff_head_cache  33488  34368    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    537    537      0 
file_lock_cache      640    640    200   40    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
fsnotify_mark_connector   2720   2720     24  170    1 : tunables    0 0  
0 : slabdata     16     16      0 
net_namespace        180    185   6336    5    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     37     37      0 
shmem_inode_cache  17822  18400    704   46    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    400    400      0 
taskstats            784    784    328   49    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
proc_dir_entry      8603   8694    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    207    207      0 
pde_opener         22848  22848     40  102    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    224    224      0 
proc_inode_cache   49963  51888    672   48    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1081   1081      0 
sigqueue             816    816    160   51    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
bdev_cache           312    312    832   39    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      8      8      0 
kernfs_node_cache 7775161 7775400    136   60    2 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata 129590 129590      0 
mnt_cache           5215   5250    384   42    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    125    125      0 
filp              167618 171136    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   2674   2674      0 
inode_cache       5517103 5523174    600   54    8 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata 102281 102281      0 
dentry            14733403 14827218    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0  
 0 : slabdata 353029 353029      0 
names_cache          296    296   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     37     37      0 
iint_cache             0      0    120   68    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
buffer_head       2184093 2604927    104   39    1 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata  66793  66793      0 
uts_namespace        592    592    440   37    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
nsproxy             1752   1752     56   73    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     24     24      0 
vm_area_struct    108257 109080    200   40    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   2727   2727      0 
mm_struct           9330   9330   1088   30    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    311    311      0 
files_cache        11040  11040    704   46    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    240    240      0 
signal_cache       12270  12270   1088   30    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    409    409      0 
sighand_cache       4780   4800   2112   15    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    320    320      0 
task_struct         3625   3815   5888    5    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    763    763      0 
cred_jar           56532  56532    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1346   1346      0 
anon_vma_chain    130241 132096     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   2064   2064      0 
anon_vma           83964  84364     88   46    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1834   1834      0 
pid                41603  41728    128   64    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    652    652      0 
Acpi-Operand        4256   4256     72   56    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     76     76      0 
Acpi-ParseExt        624    624    104   39    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
Acpi-State           459    459     80   51    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      9      9      0 
Acpi-Namespace      4284   4284     40  102    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     42     42      0 
numa_policy          186    186    264   62    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      3      3      0 
trace_event_file    2116   2116     88   46    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     46     46      0 
ftrace_event_field  24294  25670     48   85    1 : tunables    0    0 0 : 
slabdata    302    302      0 
pool_workqueue      4736   4736    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     74     74      0 
radix_tree_node   2679706 2689960    584   56    8 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata  48035  48035      0 
task_group           816    816    640   51    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata     16     16      0 
dma-kmalloc-8192       0      0   8192    4    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-4096       0      0   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-2048       0      0   2048   16    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-1024       0      0   1024   32    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-512        0      0    512   64    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-256        0      0    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-128        0      0    128   64    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-64         0      0     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-32         0      0     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-16         0      0     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-8          0      0      8  512    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-192        0      0    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
dma-kmalloc-96         0      0     96   42    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata      0      0      0 
kmalloc-8192         827    844   8192    4    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    211    211      0 
kmalloc-4096        7301   8208   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1026   1026      0 
kmalloc-2048        9739  13440   2048   16    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    840    840      0 
kmalloc-1024       20177  22272   1024   32    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    696    696      0 
kmalloc-512        62892  94464    512   64    8 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1476   1476      0 
kmalloc-256        22049  25024    256   64    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    391    391      0 
kmalloc-192       1296144 1296918    192   42    2 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata  30879  30879      0 
kmalloc-128       7230544 7231680    128   64    2 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata 112995 112995      0 
kmalloc-96        8202597 8204952     96   42    1 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata 195356 195356      0 
kmalloc-64        2169882 2190016     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0 0 
: slabdata  34219  34219      0 
kmalloc-32        147668 303872     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   2374   2374      0 
kmalloc-16        156395 170496     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    666    666      0 
kmalloc-8         131584 131584      8  512    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata    257    257      0 
kmem_cache_node    74067  74880     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1170   1170      0 
kmem_cache         73491  74004    384   42    4 : tunables    0    0    0 
: slabdata   1762   1762      0 

cat meminfo 
MemTotal:       32910232 kB 
MemFree:         6742744 kB 
MemAvailable:   25470032 kB 
Buffers:          947924 kB 
Cached:          8611528 kB 
SwapCached:            0 kB 
Active:          5668624 kB 
Inactive:        5374688 kB 
Active(anon):    1488612 kB 
Inactive(anon):      620 kB 
Active(file):    4180012 kB 
Inactive(file):  5374068 kB 
Unevictable:        5408 kB 
Mlocked:            5408 kB 
SwapTotal:             0 kB 
SwapFree:              0 kB 
Dirty:               520 kB 
Writeback:             0 kB 
AnonPages:       1478048 kB 
Mapped:           305152 kB 
Shmem:              1164 kB 
Slab:           11596304 kB 
SReclaimable:    8061752 kB 
SUnreclaim:      3534552 kB 
KernelStack:       14800 kB 
PageTables:        13676 kB 
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB 
Bounce:                0 kB 
WritebackTmp:          0 kB 
CommitLimit:    16455116 kB 
Committed_AS:    3378396 kB 
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB 
VmallocUsed:           0 kB 
VmallocChunk:          0 kB 
Percpu:          3316224 kB 
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB 
AnonHugePages:     10240 kB 
ShmemHugePages:        0 kB 
ShmemPmdMapped:        0 kB 
CmaTotal:              0 kB 
CmaFree:               0 kB 
HugePages_Total:       0 
HugePages_Free:        0 
HugePages_Rsvd:        0 
HugePages_Surp:        0 
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB 
Hugetlb:               0 kB 
DirectMap4k:      387072 kB 
DirectMap2M:    27920384 kB 
DirectMap1G:     6291456 kB 



Dan McGinnes

IBM Cloud - Containers performance

Int Tel: 247359        Ext Tel: 01962 817359

Notes: Daniel McGinnes/UK/IBM
Email: MCGINNES@xxxxxxxxxx

IBM (UK) Ltd, Hursley Park,Winchester,Hampshire, SO21 2JN
Unless stated otherwise above:
IBM United Kingdom Limited - Registered in England and Wales with number 
741598. 
Registered office: PO Box 41, North Harbour, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO6 3AU




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