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Supplement
Volume 61, Supplement
August 10, 2012 |
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Lead in Drinking Water and Human Blood Lead Levels in the
United States
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Since 1970, considerable reductions in lead concentrations have occurred in air, tap water, food, dust, and soil, which significantly reduced the BLLs of children throughout the United States. However, children are still being exposed to lead, and no safe blood lead threshold for children has been identified. This review describes a selection of peer-reviewed publications on childhood lead poisoning, sources of lead exposure for adults and children, particularly children aged <6 years, and the Safe Drinking Water Act Lead and Copper Rule of 1991. What is known and unknown about tap water as a source of lead exposure is summarized, and ways that children might be exposed to lead in drinking water are identified. When investigating cases of children with BLLs at or above the reference value established as the 97.5 percentile of the distribution of BLLs in U.S. children aged 1–5 years, drinking water should be considered as a source. |
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Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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