Technical Failure Blamed in Deadly Crash

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Technical Failure Blamed in Deadly Crash

By ELENA BECATOROS
GRAMMATIKO, Greece (AP) - A Cypriot plane full of vacationers slammed  
into a mountainside north of Athens on Sunday after at least one  
pilot lost consciousness from lack of oxygen, killing all 121 people  
aboard, more than a third of them children.

The cause of Greece's deadliest plane crash appeared to be technical  
failure - resulting in high-altitude decompression - and not  
terrorism, authorities said. A transport official said the 115  
passengers and six crew may have been dead when the plane went down.

Helios Airways flight ZU522 was headed from Larnaca, Cyprus, to  
Athens International Airport when it crashed at 12:05 p.m. near  
Grammatiko, a scenic village 25 miles north of the Greek capital.  
Flaming debris, luggage and bits of human remains were strewn across  
two ravines and surrounding hills.

Family members wept in anguish as they waited at the Athens and  
Larnaca airports. When news of the crash emerged at Larnaca,  
relatives swarmed the airline counters, shouting ``murderers'' and  
``you deserve lynching.''

A man whose cousin was a passenger told Greece's Alpha television he  
received a cell-phone text message minutes before the crash. ``He  
told me the pilots were unconscious. ... He said: ``Farewell, cousin,  
here we're frozen,'' Sotiris Voutas said - indicating the plane was  
cold, a sign of decompression.

About a half-hour after takeoff, pilots reported air-conditioning  
system problems to Cyprus air traffic control. Within minutes, after  
entering Greek air space over the Aegean, the Boeing 737 lost all  
radio contact. Two Greek F-16 fighter jets were dispatched soon  
afterward.

When the F-16s intercepted the plane, jet pilots could see the co- 
pilot slumped over his seat. The captain was not in the cockpit, and  
oxygen masks dangled inside the cabin, government spokesman Theodoros  
Roussopoulos said.

He said the jet pilots also saw two people possibly trying to take  
control of the plane; it was unclear if they were crew members or  
passengers. The plane apparently was on automatic pilot when it  
crashed, Helios spokesman Marios Konstantinidis said in Cyprus.

``When a pilot has no communication with the control tower, the  
procedure dictates that other planes must accompany and help the  
plane land. Unfortunately, it appeared that the pilot was already  
dead as was, possibly, everyone else on the plane,'' Cyprus Transport  
Minister Haris Thrasou said.

A witness described the instant the airline smashed into the 1,500- 
foot-high mountain, flanked by the F-16s. ``We saw some fighter jets  
flying very low and after a few minutes we heard a very loud noise  
and saw pieces of the plane flying in the air,'' said Spyros  
Papachristou.

The head of the Greek airline safety committee, Akrivos Tsolakis,  
said the crash was the ``worst accident we've ever had.'' He said the  
plane's black boxes had been recovered, containing data and voice  
recordings valuable for determining the cause

``There apparently was a lack of oxygen, which is usually the case  
when the cabin is depressurized,'' Tsolakis said.

The F-16 jets met the plane at 34,000 feet, the Greek air force said.  
At that altitude, the effects of depressurization are swift, said  
David Kaminski Morrow, of the British-based Air Transport  
Intelligence magazine.

``If the aircraft is at 30,000 feet, you don't stay conscious for  
long, maybe 15 to 30 seconds,'' he said. ``But if you are down at  
10,000 feet, you can breathe for a lot longer.''

The flight was to have continued to Prague, Czech Republic, after  
stopping in Athens. This is the height of Europe's summer travel  
season, when Mediterranean resorts like Cyprus are packed with  
tourists. The area was likely to be particularly crowded, because  
Monday is a national holiday in Greece and Cyprus.

There were 48 children aboard, mostly Greek Cypriots, Helios  
spokesman Giorgos Dimitriou said in Athens.

Greek state television quoted the Cyprus transport minister as saying  
the plane had decompression problems in the past. However, Helios  
representative Dimitriou said the plane had ``no problems and was  
serviced just last week.''

Liz Verdier, a spokeswoman for Boeing, said the 737s, like all Boeing  
planes, are equipped with warning systems that alert pilots when  
decompression is occurrring. However, she could provide no details  
about how the warning system works on the 737.

On Cyprus, several callers to radio and television programs said they  
experienced severe air-conditioning problems on Helios jets in recent  
months. Some said the cabin was freezing and the crew provided  
blankets; others said it became unbearably hot.

Sudden loss of pressure was blamed for a crash in South Dakota in  
1999, of a Learjet 35 carrying pro golfer Payne Stewart and four  
others. They became unconscious, and the jet went down after flying  
halfway across the country on autopilot.

In June 2000, a Boeing 737-200 of the Canadian carrier WestJet lost  
cabin pressure because pilots mistakenly shut down auxiliary power.  
Cabin altitude reached 24,000 feet before the plane descended and  
pressurization became normal. None of the 118 passengers was injured.

At the Greek crash scene, more than 100 firefighters, backed by  
planes and helicopters dropping water, fought a brush fire caused by  
the crash. The plane was in at least three pieces: the tail, a bit of  
the cockpit and a piece of fuselage that witnesses said contained  
many bodies. Sections of the plane were ablaze.

Fire department rescue vehicles carried body bags up the steep slopes  
of the charred valley to a fleet of ambulances. None of the bodies  
had masks on their faces, the fire department said. Black-robed Greek  
Orthodox priests were on hand.

``There is wreckage everywhere. Things here are very difficult, they  
are indescribable,'' Grammatiko Mayor George Papageorgiou said.

The remains of many victims were charred beyond identification, and  
the Cyprus transport minister said DNA tests would be necessary.

Greek Prime Minister Costas Caramanlis canceled a holiday on the  
Aegean island of Tinos to return to Athens. The Cypriot president  
also canceled a vacation.

Helios Airways, Cyprus' first private airline, was founded in 1999.  
It operates a fleet of Boeing 737s to cities including London;  
Athens; Sofia, Bulgaria; Dublin, Ireland; and Strasbourg, France. EU  
newcomer Cyprus is divided into Turkish and Greek sectors. Most of  
its 800,000 people are Greek Cypriots.

Associated Press writers Derek Gatopoulos in Grammatiko; Petros  
Karadjas in Larnaca, Cyprus; Ondrej Hejma in Prague, and Mara D.  
Bellaby in London contributed to this report. 

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