according to the docs, $ yum list installed will list the packages installed on my system. but running that will, every time, take several seconds to scan my list of servers, find updated packages and download headers. why? based on the docs, this should be (it seems) equivalent to nothing more than "rpm -qa". (in fact, the list of installed packages lists them as coming from the repo "db", which i assume means database). if that's the case, why would asking for a list of installed packages require any consultation of the yum repositories? rday