Hello Takahiro, I went ahead and checked in a fix for the user-space backtrace issue here: https://github.com/crash-utility/crash/commit/2d53b97a476e71bfd5e2054d64aacfc5fd895e30 Fix for the ARM64 "bt" command in Linux 4.5 and later kernels which use per-cpu IRQ stacks. Without the patch, if an active non-crashing task was running in user space when it received the shutdown IPI from the crashing task, the "-- <IRQ stack> ---" transition marker from the IRQ stack to the process stack is not displayed, and a message indicating "bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: <address> fp: 0 (?)" gets displayed. (anderson@xxxxxxxxxx) The "phantom" exception frames in your 4.7 kernel vmcore are seen because your kernel doesn't have CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER configured, and therefore __in_irqentry_text() is a no-op: #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER static inline int __in_irqentry_text(unsigned long ptr) { extern char __irqentry_text_start[]; extern char __irqentry_text_end[]; return ptr >= (unsigned long)&__irqentry_text_start && ptr < (unsigned long)&__irqentry_text_end; } #else static inline int __in_irqentry_text(unsigned long ptr) { return 0; } #endif static inline int in_exception_text(unsigned long ptr) { extern char __exception_text_start[]; extern char __exception_text_end[]; int in; in = ptr >= (unsigned long)&__exception_text_start && ptr < (unsigned long)&__exception_text_end; return in ? : __in_irqentry_text(ptr); } In my Linux 4.5 kernel, CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER is configured, and as a result, "gic_handle_irq" is outside of the range from __exception_text_start to __exception_text_end: crash> sym -l ... [ cut ] ... ffff800000090000 (T) __exception_text_start ffff800000090000 (T) _stext ffff800000090000 (T) do_undefinstr ffff8000000901d8 (T) do_debug_exception ffff800000090294 (T) do_mem_abort ffff800000090348 (T) do_sp_pc_abort ffff800000090428 (T) __exception_text_end ffff800000090428 (T) __irqentry_text_start ffff800000090428 (t) gic_handle_irq ffff8000000904e0 (t) gic_handle_irq ffff800000090670 (T) __entry_text_start ffff800000090670 (T) __irqentry_text_end ... In your Linux 4.7 kernel, gic_handle_irq is located within the range, and as a result, the phantom exception frame gets dumped: crash> sym -l ... [ cut ] ... ffff000008081000 (T) __exception_text_start ffff000008081000 (T) _stext ffff000008081000 (T) do_undefinstr ffff000008081000 (t) efi_header_end ffff000008081248 (T) do_mem_abort ffff0000080812e8 (T) do_sp_pc_abort ffff0000080813c0 (T) do_debug_exception ffff000008081460 (t) sun4i_handle_irq ffff0000080814d0 (t) gic_handle_irq ffff000008081580 (t) gic_handle_irq ffff0000080816e0 (T) __exception_text_end ... The crash utility's in_exception_frame() function is based upon an older kernel's version before _irqentry_text_start and __irqentry_text_end existed. So two things need to be fixed in the crash utility: (1) the __irqentry_text_start and __irqentry_text_end range must be checked by in_exception_text() if they exist, and (2) this IRQ stack kludge that was added to the kernel's dump_backtrace() function needs to be handled the same way in the crash utility: if (in_exception_text(where)) { /* * If we switched to the irq_stack before calling this * exception handler, then the pt_regs will be on the * task stack. The easiest way to tell is if the large * pt_regs would overlap with the end of the irq_stack. */ if (stack < irq_stack_ptr && (stack + sizeof(struct pt_regs)) > irq_stack_ptr) stack = IRQ_STACK_TO_TASK_STACK(irq_stack_ptr); dump_mem("", "Exception stack", stack, stack + sizeof(struct pt_regs), false); } I'm working on a patch for the above as we speak. Thanks, Dave ----- Original Message ----- > > > > ----- Original Message ----- > > > > But I'm not sure what happens when an arm64 IRQ exception occurs when > > > the task is running in user space. Does it lay an exception frame down > > > on the > > > process stack and then make the transition? (and therefore the > > > user-space frame > > > above is legitimate?) Or does the user-space frame get laid down > > > directly on the > > > IRQ stack? Unfortunately I don't know enough about arm64 exception > > > handling. > > > > Since I reviewed this IRQ stack patch in LAK-ML, I will be able to help > > you. > > but I don't have enough time to explain in details this week. > > That's good news, your help will be greatly appreciated. > > > > In any case, the bt should display "-- <IRQ stack> ...", and then dump > > > the user-to-kernel-space exception frame, wherever it lies, i.e., either > > > on the > > > normal process stack or (maybe?) on the IRQ stack. > > > > > > Anyway, can you make the vmlinux/vmcore pair available for me to > > > download? > > > You can send the details to me offline. > > > > I sent you a message which contains the link to those binaries. > > Got them -- thanks! > > Also, I was finally able to generate a vmcore on a RHEL7 4.5.0-based kernel, > where the crash occurred on cpu 1, and other 7 cpus were running in user > space. > I do see the same problem w/respect to the IRQ-stack-to-user-space > transition. > > However, I do not have the "phantom" exception frame dumps on the IRQ > stacks that your dumpfile displays on the 7 non-crashing cpus, regardless > whether they came from kernel or user space. > > Here is the output: > > crash> sys > KERNEL: ../vmlinux > DUMPFILE: ../vmcore [PARTIAL DUMP] > CPUS: 8 [OFFLINE: 7] > DATE: Thu Jun 2 15:09:34 2016 > UPTIME: 05:06:18 > LOAD AVERAGE: 7.56, 3.49, 1.38 > TASKS: 202 > NODENAME: apm-mustang-ev3-07.khw.lab.eng.bos.redhat.com > RELEASE: 4.5.0-0.38.el7.aarch64 > VERSION: #1 SMP Thu May 19 15:37:24 EDT 2016 > MACHINE: aarch64 (unknown Mhz) > MEMORY: 16 GB > PANIC: "sysrq: SysRq : Trigger a crash" > crash> bt -a > PID: 2546 TASK: ffff8003d5ab9600 CPU: 0 COMMAND: "spin" > #0 [ffff8003ffe33d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003ffe33dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003ffe33f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003ffe33fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003d5b73ed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 00000000004005b0 LR: 0000ffff911b0c94 SP: 0000fffffee69ca0 > X29: 0000fffffee69ca0 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 0000000000400450 > X20: 0000000000000000 X19: 0000000000000000 X18: 0000fffffee69bb0 > X17: 0000000000420000 X16: 0000ffff911b0ba4 X15: 00000000001815e7 > X14: 0000ffff9136ffb8 X13: 000000000000000f X12: 0000000000000090 > X11: 0000000090000000 X10: 00000000ffffffff X9: 0000000000000018 > X8: 2f2f2f2f2f2f2f2f X7: b0bca0bdbeb3ff91 X6: 0000000000000000 > X5: da16a3a21e08b5bc X4: 0000000000000000 X3: 00000000004005b0 > X2: 0000fffffee69df8 X1: 0000fffffee69de8 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffff91310000 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 60000000 > > PID: 2513 TASK: ffff8003d925d000 CPU: 1 COMMAND: "bash" > #0 [ffff8003dbf238d0] crash_kexec at ffff8000001486cc > #1 [ffff8003dbf23a20] die at ffff80000009731c > #2 [ffff8003dbf23a50] __do_kernel_fault at ffff8000000a7210 > #3 [ffff8003dbf23a90] do_page_fault at ffff80000077b244 > #4 [ffff8003dbf23ac0] do_mem_abort at ffff8000000902e8 > #5 [ffff8003dbf23b30] el1_da at ffff800000091368 > PC: ffff8000004970e4 [sysrq_handle_crash+36] > LR: ffff800000497c5c [__handle_sysrq+296] > SP: ffff8003dbf23cf0 PSTATE: 60000145 > X29: ffff8003dbf23cf0 X28: ffff8003dbf20000 X27: ffff800000792000 > X26: 0000000000000040 X25: 000000000000011e X24: 0000000000000007 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: ffff800000ce4000 X21: 0000000000000063 > X20: ffff800000c50000 X19: ffff800000ce4888 X18: 0000000000000000 > X17: 0000ffff7d780e20 X16: ffff800000237848 X15: 00192ea0bab15d05 > X14: 0000000000000000 X13: 0000000000000000 X12: ffff800000c50000 > X11: 0000000000000000 X10: 00000000000001d3 X9: 00000000000001d4 > X8: ffff80000121ce10 X7: 0000000000008d88 X6: ffff8000012140b8 > X5: 0000000000000000 X4: 0000000000000000 X3: 0000000000000000 > X2: ffff8003ffe76448 X1: 0000000000000000 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 00000000000001d3 SYSCALLNO: 0 > #6 [ffff8003dbf23d00] __handle_sysrq at ffff800000497c5c > #7 [ffff8003dbf23d10] write_sysrq_trigger at ffff8000004980d4 > #8 [ffff8003dbf23d50] proc_reg_write at ffff80000029b934 > #9 [ffff8003dbf23d70] __vfs_write at ffff800000235fd0 > #10 [ffff8003dbf23db0] vfs_write at ffff800000236d54 > #11 [ffff8003dbf23e40] sys_write at ffff80000023789c > #12 [ffff8003dbf23e90] __sys_trace_return at ffff800000091a8c > PC: 0000ffff7d7dbda8 LR: 0000ffff7d7835d4 SP: 0000fffff90fe1b0 > X29: 0000fffff90fe1b0 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 00000000004fb000 > X26: 00000000004bb420 X25: 0000000000000001 X24: 00000000004f8000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000002 X21: 0000ffff7d881168 > X20: 0000ffff76e30000 X19: 0000000000000002 X18: 0000000000000000 > X17: 0000ffff7d780e20 X16: 0000000000000000 X15: 00192ea0bab15d05 > X14: 0000000000000000 X13: 0000000000000000 X12: 0000000000000001 > X11: 000000001c1fc6a0 X10: 00000000004fd000 X9: 0000fffff90fe130 > X8: 0000000000000040 X7: 0000000000000001 X6: 0000ffff7d759a98 > X5: 0000000000000001 X4: 00000000fbad2a84 X3: 0000000000000000 > X2: 0000000000000002 X1: 0000ffff76e30000 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 0000000000000001 SYSCALLNO: 40 PSTATE: 20000000 > > PID: 2545 TASK: ffff8003d5901d00 CPU: 2 COMMAND: "spin" > #0 [ffff8003ffe93d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003ffe93dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003ffe93f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003ffe93fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003db4f3ed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 00000000004005b0 LR: 0000ffffb50f0c94 SP: 0000ffffe48b4910 > X29: 0000ffffe48b4910 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 0000000000400450 > X20: 0000000000000000 X19: 0000000000000000 X18: 0000ffffe48b4820 > X17: 0000000000420000 X16: 0000ffffb50f0ba4 X15: 00000000001815e7 > X14: 0000ffffb52affb8 X13: 000000000000000f X12: 0000000000000090 > X11: 0000000090000000 X10: 00000000ffffffff X9: 0000000000000018 > X8: 2f2f2f2f2f2f2f2f X7: b0bca0bdbeb3ff91 X6: 0000000000000000 > X5: 46c7b691c219cb7a X4: 0000000000000000 X3: 00000000004005b0 > X2: 0000ffffe48b4a68 X1: 0000ffffe48b4a58 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffb5250000 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 60000000 > > PID: 2541 TASK: ffff8003d917b300 CPU: 3 COMMAND: "usex" > #0 [ffff8003ffec3d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003ffec3dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003ffec3f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003ffec3fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003dbecbed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 00000000004361e0 LR: 0000000000435be0 SP: 0000ffffcee64ac0 > X29: 0000ffffcee64af0 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 00000000004037b0 > X20: 0000ffff8c790000 X19: 0000000000062a44 X18: 0000ffffcee64980 > X17: 0000ffff8c891b9c X16: 00000000004602b8 X15: 002c4612d8986fa7 > X14: 0000000000000000 X13: 00000003e8000000 X12: 0000000000000018 > X11: 00000000000b5585 X10: 000000005750846e X9: 00000000001ecba2 > X8: 0000000000000099 X7: 0000000000000000 X6: 0000ffff8c8946ec > X5: 0000ffff8c894768 X4: 0000000000000032 X3: 0000000000000007 > X2: 0000000000000007 X1: 0000000000000005 X0: 00000000004b21cc > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffcee64b18 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 80000000 > > PID: 2544 TASK: ffff8003d9176a80 CPU: 4 COMMAND: "usex" > #0 [ffff8003ffef3d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003ffef3dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003ffef3f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003ffef3fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003dbea7ed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 0000000000435e38 LR: 0000000000435c94 SP: 0000ffffcee64af0 > X29: 0000ffffcee64af0 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 00000000004037b0 > X20: 0000ffff8c790000 X19: 0000000000041b82 X18: 0000ffffcee64980 > X17: 0000ffff8c894590 X16: 0000000000460008 X15: 0034caab9974abe0 > X14: 0000000000000000 X13: 00000003e8000000 X12: 0000000000000018 > X11: 00000000000d83c1 X10: 000000005750846e X9: 00000000001eccc0 > X8: 0000000000000099 X7: 0000000000000000 X6: 0000ffff8c8946ec > X5: 0000ffff8c894768 X4: 000000000000474e X3: 0000000000435ff8 > X2: 0000000000000042 X1: 000000000000002a X0: 0000ffffcee64b84 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffcee64b18 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 20000000 > > PID: 2547 TASK: ffff8003d5906580 CPU: 5 COMMAND: "spin" > #0 [ffff8003fff23d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003fff23dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003fff23f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003fff23fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003db4efed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 00000000004005b0 LR: 0000ffffb33d0c94 SP: 0000ffffe5813a70 > X29: 0000ffffe5813a70 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 0000000000400450 > X20: 0000000000000000 X19: 0000000000000000 X18: 0000ffffe5813980 > X17: 0000000000420000 X16: 0000ffffb33d0ba4 X15: 00000000001815e7 > X14: 0000ffffb358ffb8 X13: 000000000000000f X12: 0000000000000090 > X11: 0000000090000000 X10: 00000000ffffffff X9: 0000000000000018 > X8: 2f2f2f2f2f2f2f2f X7: b0bca0bdbeb3ff91 X6: 0000000000000000 > X5: f72609a0900e9af5 X4: 0000000000000000 X3: 00000000004005b0 > X2: 0000ffffe5813bc8 X1: 0000ffffe5813bb8 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffb3530000 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 60000000 > > PID: 2542 TASK: ffff8003d9178780 CPU: 6 COMMAND: "usex" > #0 [ffff8003fff53d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003fff53dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003fff53f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003fff53fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003dbebbed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 0000000000435e10 LR: 0000000000435ddc SP: 0000ffffcee64ad0 > X29: 0000ffffcee64ad0 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 00000000004037b0 > X20: 0000ffff8c790000 X19: 0000000000054c83 X18: 0000ffffcee64980 > X17: 0000ffff8c894590 X16: 0000000000460008 X15: 0033b1eeb687fcdc > X14: 0000000000000000 X13: 00000003e8000000 X12: 0000000000000018 > X11: 00000000000d3be2 X10: 000000005750846e X9: 00000000001ecc9a > X8: 0000000000000099 X7: 0000000000000000 X6: 0000ffff8c8946ec > X5: 0000ffff8c894768 X4: 000000000000474e X3: 0000000000435ff8 > X2: 000000003693b600 X1: 000000003693b5f0 X0: 0000000000000006 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffcee64b18 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 80000000 > > PID: 2548 TASK: ffff8003d5ab4d80 CPU: 7 COMMAND: "spin" > #0 [ffff8003fff83d60] crash_save_cpu at ffff800000148444 > #1 [ffff8003fff83dc0] handle_IPI at ffff80000009c8d0 > #2 [ffff8003fff83f80] gic_handle_irq at ffff8000000904c8 > #3 [ffff8003fff83fd0] el0_irq_naked at ffff80000009180c > bt: WARNING: arm64_unwind_frame: on IRQ stack: oriq_sp: ffff8003d5b63ed0 > fp: 0 (?) > PC: 00000000004005b0 LR: 0000ffffae060c94 SP: 0000ffffcf219e20 > X29: 0000ffffcf219e20 X28: 0000000000000000 X27: 0000000000000000 > X26: 0000000000000000 X25: 0000000000000000 X24: 0000000000000000 > X23: 0000000000000000 X22: 0000000000000000 X21: 0000000000400450 > X20: 0000000000000000 X19: 0000000000000000 X18: 0000ffffcf219d30 > X17: 0000000000420000 X16: 0000ffffae060ba4 X15: 00000000001815e7 > X14: 0000ffffae21ffb8 X13: 000000000000000f X12: 0000000000000090 > X11: 0000000090000000 X10: 00000000ffffffff X9: 0000000000000018 > X8: 2f2f2f2f2f2f2f2f X7: b0bca0bdbeb3ff91 X6: 0000000000000000 > X5: aa704cb48aa4536a X4: 0000000000000000 X3: 00000000004005b0 > X2: 0000ffffcf219f78 X1: 0000ffffcf219f68 X0: 0000000000000001 > ORIG_X0: 0000ffffae1c0000 SYSCALLNO: ffffffffffffffff PSTATE: > 60000000 > crash> > > Given that the link at the top of each of the IRQ stacks back to the > kernel-entry-from-user-space exception frames look to be legitimate, perhaps > the "fp: 0" could be used as a key to recognizing the IRQ-while-in-user-space > scenario? And also it doesn't appear that the phantom exception frames > that are dumped in your vmcore are mistakenly generating the fp of 0. > > Thanks, > Dave > > -- Crash-utility mailing list Crash-utility@xxxxxxxxxx https://www.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo/crash-utility
