Re: crash cannot read the symbols

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Hi Dave, thanks for your answer.
The basic procedure forgotten, I assumed -g would be included.
Never mind, I compile the kernel with -g.
However, crash still doesn't like it:

einoud@superchi:~/Pretoria/pretoria/kernel2.4/build/emPC/GREYHOUND/linux-2.4.37.9$ sudo crash vmlinux System.map 

crash 5.1.8
Copyright (C) 2002-2011  Red Hat, Inc.
Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006  IBM Corporation
Copyright (C) 1999-2006  Hewlett-Packard Co
Copyright (C) 2005, 2006  Fujitsu Limited
Copyright (C) 2006, 2007  VA Linux Systems Japan K.K.
Copyright (C) 2005  NEC Corporation
Copyright (C) 1999, 2002, 2007  Silicon Graphics, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002  Mission Critical Linux, Inc.
This program is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License,
and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under
certain conditions.  Enter "help copying" to see the conditions.
This program has absolutely no warranty.  Enter "help warranty" for details.
 
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.0
Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-pc-linux-gnu"...

crash: read error: kernel virtual address: c032e840  type: "xtime"    

I did some stepping through crash, maybe that'll be helpful as to see what happened?

crash 5.1.8
Copyright (C) 2002-2011  Red Hat, Inc.
Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006  IBM Corporation
Copyright (C) 1999-2006  Hewlett-Packard Co
Copyright (C) 2005, 2006  Fujitsu Limited
Copyright (C) 2006, 2007  VA Linux Systems Japan K.K.
Copyright (C) 2005  NEC Corporation
Copyright (C) 1999, 2002, 2007  Silicon Graphics, Inc.
Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002  Mission Critical Linux, Inc.
This program is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License,
and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under
certain conditions.  Enter "help copying" to see the conditions.
This program has absolutely no warranty.  Enter "help warranty" for details.
 
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.0
Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-pc-linux-gnu"...

please wait... (patching 13083 gdb minimal_symbol values) 
Breakpoint 1, readmem (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:1849
1849    {
(gdb) step
1856            if (CRASHDEBUG(4))
(gdb) step
1849    {
(gdb) step
1856            if (CRASHDEBUG(4))
(gdb) step
1863            if (size <= 0) {
(gdb) step
1861            bufptr = (char *)buffer;
(gdb) step
1863            if (size <= 0) {
(gdb) step
1870            fd = REMOTE_MEMSRC() ? pc->sockfd : (ACTIVE() ? pc->mfd : pc->dfd); 
(gdb) step
1875            switch (memtype)
(gdb) p fd
$1 = 6
(gdb) step
1891                    if (LKCD_DUMPFILE())
(gdb) step
1894                    if (!IS_KVADDR(addr)) {
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=3224561728) at memory.c:1739
1739    {
(gdb) step
1741    }
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=3224561728) at memory.c:1739
1739    {
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=3224561728) at memory.c:1741
1741    }
(gdb) step
readmem (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:1921
1921                            if (!kvtop(CURRENT_CONTEXT(), addr, &paddr, 0)) {
(gdb) step
1910                    switch (memtype)
(gdb) step
1921                            if (!kvtop(CURRENT_CONTEXT(), addr, &paddr, 0)) {
(gdb) step
kvtop (tc=0x0, kvaddr=3224561728, paddr=0xbfffdc20, verbose=0) at memory.c:2615
2615    {
(gdb) step
2618            return (machdep->kvtop(tc ? tc : CURRENT_CONTEXT(), kvaddr, 
(gdb) step
2615    {
(gdb) step
2618            return (machdep->kvtop(tc ? tc : CURRENT_CONTEXT(), kvaddr, 
(gdb) step
x86_kvtop (tc=0x0, kvaddr=3224561728, paddr=0xbfffdc20, verbose=0) at x86.c:2753
2753            if (!IS_KVADDR(kvaddr))
(gdb) step
2743    {
(gdb) step
2753            if (!IS_KVADDR(kvaddr))
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=3224561728) at memory.c:1739
1739    {
(gdb) step
1741    }
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=0) at memory.c:1739
1739    {
(gdb) step
generic_is_kvaddr (addr=0) at memory.c:1741
1741    }
(gdb) step
x86_kvtop (tc=0x0, kvaddr=3224561728, paddr=0xbfffdc20, verbose=0) at x86.c:2756
2756            if (XEN_HYPER_MODE()) {
(gdb) step
2763                    if (!vt->vmalloc_start) {
(gdb) step
2764                            *paddr = VTOP(kvaddr);
(gdb) step
2765                            return TRUE;
(gdb) step
2862    }
(gdb) step
kvtop (tc=0x0, kvaddr=3224561728, paddr=0xbfffdc20, verbose=0) at memory.c:2620
2620    }
(gdb) step
readmem (addr=3336256, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1) at memory.c:1947
1947                    cnt = PAGESIZE() - PAGEOFFSET(paddr); 
(gdb) step
1952                    if (CRASHDEBUG(8))
(gdb) step
1956                    if (memtype == KVADDR)
(gdb) step
1957                            pc->curcmd_flags |= MEMTYPE_KVADDR;
(gdb) step
1961                    switch (READMEM(fd, bufptr, cnt, 
(gdb) step
read_dev_mem (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at memory.c:2027
2027    {
(gdb) step
2030            if (!machdep->verify_paddr(paddr)) {
(gdb) step
generic_verify_paddr (paddr=3336256) at memory.c:2020
2020    }
(gdb) step
read_dev_mem (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at memory.c:2043
2043            if (vt->high_memory && (paddr >= (physaddr_t)(VTOP(vt->high_memory)))) {
(gdb) step
2049            if (lseek(fd, (off_t)paddr, SEEK_SET) == -1) 
(gdb) step
2026    read_dev_mem(int fd, void *bufptr, int cnt, ulong addr, physaddr_t paddr) 
(gdb) step
2053            errno = 0;
(gdb) step
2054            readcnt = read(fd, bufptr, cnt);
(gdb) step
read (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at /usr/include/bits/unistd.h:45
45        return __read_alias (__fd, __buf, __nbytes);
(gdb) step
read_dev_mem (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at memory.c:2056
2056            if ((readcnt != cnt) && CRASHDEBUG(4)) {
(gdb) step
2054            readcnt = read(fd, bufptr, cnt);
(gdb) step
read (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at /usr/include/bits/unistd.h:45
45        return __read_alias (__fd, __buf, __nbytes);
(gdb) step
read_dev_mem (fd=6, bufptr=0x851c5d8, cnt=8, addr=3224561728, paddr=3336256) at memory.c:2056
2056            if ((readcnt != cnt) && CRASHDEBUG(4)) {
(gdb) step
2089            if (readcnt != cnt) 
(gdb) step
2079            if ((readcnt != cnt) && readcnt && (machdep->flags & DEVMEMRD) && 
(gdb) step
2093    }
(gdb) step
readmem (addr=<value optimized out>, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:1962
1962                        (memtype == PHYSADDR) || (memtype == XENMACHADDR) ? 0 : addr, paddr))
(gdb) step
1970                            if (PRINT_ERROR_MESSAGE)
(gdb) step
1971                                    error(INFO, READ_ERRMSG, memtype_string(memtype, 0), addr, type);
(gdb) step
memtype_string (memtype=1, debug=0) at memory.c:2325
2325            switch (memtype)
(gdb) step
2331                    sprintf(membuf, debug ? "KVADDR" : "kernel virtual");
(gdb) step
2340                    sprintf(membuf, debug ? "FILEADDR" : "dumpfile");
(gdb) step
sprintf (memtype=<value optimized out>, debug=0) at /usr/include/bits/stdio2.h:34
34        return __builtin___sprintf_chk (__s, __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL - 1,
(gdb) step
memtype_string (memtype=<value optimized out>, debug=<value optimized out>) at memory.c:2351
2351    }
(gdb) step
__error (type=1, fmt=0x83c90d8 "read error: %s address: %llx  type: \"%s\"\n") at tools.c:41
41      {
(gdb) step
48              if (CRASHDEBUG(1) || (pc->flags & DROP_CORE)) {
(gdb) step
41      {
(gdb) step
45              void *retaddr[NUMBER_STACKFRAMES] = { 0 };
(gdb) step
48              if (CRASHDEBUG(1) || (pc->flags & DROP_CORE)) {
(gdb) step
45              void *retaddr[NUMBER_STACKFRAMES] = { 0 };
(gdb) step
48              if (CRASHDEBUG(1) || (pc->flags & DROP_CORE)) {
(gdb) step
40      __error(int type, char *fmt, ...)
(gdb) step
55              (void)vsnprintf(buf, BUFSIZE, fmt, ap);
(gdb) step
vsnprintf (type=1, fmt=0x83c90d8 "read error: %s address: %llx  type: \"%s\"\n") at /usr/include/bits/stdio2.h:78
78        return __builtin___vsnprintf_chk (__s, __n, __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL - 1,
(gdb) step
__error (type=1, fmt=0x83c90d8 "read error: %s address: %llx  type: \"%s\"\n") at tools.c:58
58              if (!fmt && FATAL_ERROR(type)) {
(gdb) step
63              end_of_line = FATAL_ERROR(type) && !(pc->flags & RUNTIME);
(gdb) step
65              if ((new_line = (buf[0] == '\n')))
(gdb) step
67              else if (pc->flags & PLEASE_WAIT)
(gdb) step
70              if (type == CONT)
(gdb) step
67              else if (pc->flags & PLEASE_WAIT)
(gdb) step
70              if (type == CONT)
(gdb) step
75              if (pc->stdpipe) {
(gdb) step
85                      fprintf(stdout, "%s%s%s %s%s", 
(gdb) step
fprintf (type=1, fmt=0x83c90d8 "read error: %s address: %llx  type: \"%s\"\n") at /usr/include/bits/stdio2.h:98
98        return __fprintf_chk (__stream, __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL - 1, __fmt,
(gdb) step
crash: read error: kernel virtual address: c032e840  type: "xtime"     
__error (type=1, fmt=0x83c90d8 "read error: %s address: %llx  type: \"%s\"\n") at tools.c:92
92                      fflush(stdout);
(gdb) step
95              if ((fp != stdout) && (fp != pc->stdpipe)) {
(gdb) step
105             if ((pc->flags & DROP_CORE) && (type != NOTE)) {
(gdb) step
111             switch (type)
(gdb) step
133     }
(gdb) step
readmem (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", 
    error_handle=<value optimized out>) at memory.c:1992
1992            switch (error_handle)
(gdb) step
1995                    if ((pc->flags & DEVMEM) && (kt->flags & PRE_KERNEL_INIT) &&
(gdb) step
1996                        devmem_is_restricted() && switch_to_proc_kcore())
(gdb) step
devmem_is_restricted (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:2137
2137            if (STREQ(pc->live_memsrc, "/dev/mem") &&
(gdb) step
readmem (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:1996
1996                        devmem_is_restricted() && switch_to_proc_kcore())
(gdb) step
devmem_is_restricted (addr=3224561728, memtype=1, buffer=0x851c5d8, size=8, type=0x840c9c6 "xtime", error_handle=1)
    at memory.c:2138
2138                kernel_symbol_exists("devmem_is_allowed") &&
(gdb) step
kernel_symbol_exists (symbol=0x83c63dc "devmem_is_allowed") at symbols.c:4722
4722            if ((sp = symname_hash_search(symbol)))
(gdb) step
symname_hash_search (name=0x83c63dc "devmem_is_allowed") at symbols.c:889
889             sp = st->symname_hash[SYMNAME_HASH_INDEX(name)];
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step
892                     if (STREQ(sp->name, name)) 
(gdb) step
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step 10
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step 20
894                     sp = sp->name_hash_next;
(gdb) step
891             while (sp) {
(gdb) step 100

Program exited with code 01.
Thanks,

Reinoud.

-----Original Message-----
From: crash-utility-bounces@xxxxxxxxxx [mailto:crash-utility-bounces@xxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Dave Anderson
Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2011 6:07 AM
To: Discussion list for crash utility usage, maintenance and development
Subject: Re:  crash cannot read the symbols



----- Original Message -----
> Hi Everyone,
> 
> I am just trying load a kernel and System.map file into crash.
> 
> crash vmlinux System.map
> 
> I get:
> 
> crash 5.1.7
> Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Red Hat, Inc.
> Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006 IBM Corporation Copyright (C) 1999-2006 
> Hewlett-Packard Co Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Fujitsu Limited Copyright 
> (C) 2006, 2007 VA Linux Systems Japan K.K.
> Copyright (C) 2005 NEC Corporation
> Copyright (C) 1999, 2002, 2007 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
> Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Mission Critical Linux, Inc.
> This program is free software, covered by the GNU General Public 
> License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of 
> it under certain conditions. Enter "help copying" to see the conditions.
> This program has absolutely no warranty. Enter "help warranty" for 
> details.
> 
> GNU gdb (GDB) 7.0
> Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
> License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later 
> <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
> There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
> and "show warranty" for details.
> This GDB was configured as "i686-pc-linux-gnu"...
> 
> crash: vmlinux: no debugging data available
> 
> However, the System.map file reads fine and “nm vmlinux” shows the 
> symbols as well.
> 
> A side note that this is a linux 2.4 kernel.
> Is linux 2.4 not supported or what am I doing wrong?

Linux 2.4 is supported, but either the vmlinux file was not originally built with the -g CFLAG, or it had the debuginfo data stripped.
Without the debuginfo data, the vmlinux is useless.

If by chance it is a RHEL3 2-4-based kernel, there is an associated vmlinux.debug file that comes with the separate kernel-debuginfo rpm package, so for example, you'd end up with two files:

   vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL and vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL.debug

that would be installed here:

   /boot/vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL
   /usr/lib/debug/boot/vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL.debug

If the files are found in locations above, running on a live system they would be found automatically when you enter:

   $ crash 

Alternatively you could just throw both files on the command line:

   $ crash <path-to>/vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL <path-to>/vmlinux-2.4.21-47.EL.debug

That all being said, since you are trying "crash vmlinux" I'm guessing that you are using a vmlinux file from another distro, or perhaps building your own kernel.  

If building your own kernel, the CFLAGS in the top-level Makefile needs to contain -g.  In linux 2.4, I don't believe that there was a CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO option that could be configured to do it automatically, so you may have to change it manually, and then rebuild the kernel.  Presuming that the original kernel that you're trying to analyze was booted from the same kernel version but was not built with -g, then you would also have to put the System.map file from the original kernel on the command line as you have done.

If the vmlinux file is from another distro, mention that, and perhaps someone from the list can help.

Dave

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