On 11Jan2022 14:15, linux guy <linuxguy123@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>I'm trying to add a few directories to PATH in F35. I'm embarrassed to
>admit it isn't going well.
>
>Where is PATH stored in F35 ?
In your processes' memory. Unhelpful. But it is _initialised_ by your
login sequence. Yes, being pedantic here.
>When exactly does .bash_profile get executed ?
1: Is your shell bash? (My interactive shell is zsh, by contrast.)
Echoing $SHELL should confirm bash for you, or looking in /etc/passwd.
2: .bash_profile (or .profile, if the former is missing) gets run by
_login_ shells.
On a text based terminal (eg the Linux console without a GUI), your
login runs a login shell.
In a GUI such as a desktop the situation is more complicated:
- the GUI startup does not automatically run a login shell (to some
extend because interaction or mistakes can then easily break the GUI
startup).
- when you start a terminal it may or may not run a login shell; this
can be controlled with the settings for your terminal emulator. What
are you using?
Shells usually have a login and nonlogin startup mode - for bash this
loosely means a login shell sources the .bash_profile (or.profile) on
startup, and nonlogin interactive shells source the .bashrc. The
specifics vary for other shells (eg zsh) but the idea's the same. The
exact process for bash is explained in tedious details in "man bash".
The basic idea is/was that you'd put expensive stuff which only needed
to happen once in the .bash_profile (setting $PATH, consulting some
summary information, etc) and interactive-useful stuff in your .bashrc
(setting interaction modes like command line editing, defining aliases,
etc).
These days you can often get away with making every new terminal run a
login shell. Look into that setting first up - it is the easiest fix.
I discourage you from polluting your .bashrc with complexity. Though a
lot of distros prepollute it for you (have a look at /etc/bashrc, often
a nightmare of complexity).
Personally, I keep my environment setting stuff in a distinct script,
which I source from my .profile. Here's my .profile:
#!/bin/sh
umask 002
[ -f $HOME/rc-local/profile ] && . $HOME/rc-local/profile
: ${SHDIR:=$HOME/rc/shell}
. $SHDIR/rigenv
LUSER=$USER; export LUSER
. $HOME/rc/shell/rc
Setting $PATH (and a billion other things) is done in the "rigenv"
script mentioned above.
>How does one get the bash environment reloaded without logging out and
>logging in ? $source <something> ? $exec bash ? ./bash ?
If your terminals run login shells, opening a new terminal will do. For
that terminal, of course.
Or you can source your .profile (or separate script):
. ~/.bash_profile
>$env should include everything in .bash_profile, right ?
"env" shows the exported environment - that which is inherited by
subprocesses. Example:
foo=bah
PATH=$HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
$PATH gets exports, $foo does not, so env will show $PATH and not $foo.
But your local shell has $foo for whatever purpose.
Note that _inherited_ variables are automatically reexported. Because if
this, good practice is to only export $UPPERCASE names, and to use
$lowercase names for unexprted variables. This is because only
discipline controls the use of this namespace. besides, it also makes it
obvious which variables you expect to be local and which exported.
>Why doesn't F35 have ~/.profile or ~/.bashrc and instead has
>~/.bash_profile ? Does .bash_profile replace .bashrc and .profile ? Would
>bash read .profile if I created one ? If so, when ?
See "man bash". Bash uses .bash_profile for logins and .bashrc for
nonlogin interactive shells.
>What happened to .inputrc ?
The .inputrc is for controlling the readline library (used for
interaction in bash and various other things). Maybe the defaults are
considered nice enough - you can always add your own. Here's mine:
set editing-mode emacs
set blink-matching-paren on
set completion-ignore-case on
set completion-query-items 1024
set disable-completion off
set expand-tilde on
set horizontal-scroll-mode off
set mark-directories on
set mark-symlinked-directories on
set match-hidden-files off
set page-completions on
set print-completions-horizontally off
set show-all-if-ambiguous on
set visible-stats on
Control-w:backward-kill-word
Cheers,
Cameron Simpson <cs@xxxxxxxxxx>
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