Re: Kswapd in 3.2.0-rc5 is a CPU hog

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On Wed, 2011-12-21 at 11:24 +0100, Michal Hocko wrote:
> [Let's cc also some fs and xfs people]
> 
> On Wed 21-12-11 14:15:21, nowhere wrote:
> > В Ср., 21/12/2011 в 10:52 +0100, Michal Hocko пишет:
> > > [Let's CC linux-mm]
> > > 
> > > On Wed 21-12-11 07:10:36, Nikolay S. wrote:
> > > > Hello,
> > > > 
> > > > I'm using 3.2-rc5 on a machine, which atm does almost nothing except
> > > > file system operations and network i/o (i.e. file server). And there is
> > > > a problem with kswapd.
> > > 
> > > What kind of filesystem do you use?
> > 
> > Well, that is XFS.
> > I have a large volume with ~200000 files, and a periodic job, which
> > checks all file's timestamps once per 30 minutes and makes actions if
> > timestamp has changed.
> 
> Is it the first time you are seeing this? I am not familiar with xfs at
> all but the number of files sounds like dcache shrinker might be really
> busy...
> 
> > > > I'm playing with dd:
> > > > dd if=/some/big/file of=/dev/null bs=8M


Just to be clear, is it always the same file you are
operating on in all of the cases you show here?  If
so, there anything else happening to that file in
the mean time?  Is it being written to at all?

Is the filesystem in question (the one with the
big file) also being NFS served?  Are there any
other filesystems being served, and if so, are
they also XFS?

I presume you are doing nothing special with respect
to the file serving, i.e. in all these cases and
timings, etc. the system has been and continues to
act as an NFS server.

Is the filesystem anywhere near full?

I don't know if these answers change much but it
might help to complete the picture.

Thanks.

					-Alex
> > > > I.e. I'm filling page cache.
> > > > 
> > > > So when the machine is just rebooted, kswapd during this operation is
> > > > almost idle, just 5-8 percent according to top.
> > > > 
> > > > After ~5 days of uptime (5 days,  2:10), the same operation demands ~70%
> > > > for kswapd:
> > > > 
> > > >   PID USER      S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  SWAP COMMAND
> > > >   420 root      R   70  0.0  22:09.60    0 kswapd0
> > > > 17717 nowhere   D   27  0.2   0:01.81  10m dd
> > > > 
> > > > In fact, kswapd cpu usage on this operation steadily increases over
> > > > time.
> > > > 
> > > > Also read performance degrades over time. After reboot:
> > > > dd if=/some/big/file of=/dev/null bs=8M
> > > > 1019+1 records in
> > > > 1019+1 records out
> > > > 8553494018 bytes (8.6 GB) copied, 16.211 s, 528 MB/s
> > > > 
> > > > After ~5 days uptime:
> > > > dd if=/some/big/file of=/dev/null bs=8M
> > > > 1019+1 records in
> > > > 1019+1 records out
> > > > 8553494018 bytes (8.6 GB) copied, 29.0507 s, 294 MB/s
> > > > 
> > > > Whereas raw disk sequential read performance stays the same:
> > > > dd if=/some/big/file of=/dev/null bs=8M iflag=direct
> > > > 1019+1 records in
> > > > 1019+1 records out
> > > > 8553494018 bytes (8.6 GB) copied, 14.7286 s, 581 MB/s
> > > > 
> > > > Also after dropping caches, situation somehow improves, but not to the
> > > > state of freshly restarted system:
> > > >   PID USER      S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  SWAP COMMAND
> > > >   420 root      S   39  0.0  23:31.17    0 kswapd0
> > > > 19829 nowhere   D   24  0.2   0:02.72 7764 dd
> > > > 
> > > > perf shows:
> > > > 
> > > >     31.24%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] _raw_spin_lock
> > > >     26.19%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] shrink_slab
> > > >     16.28%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] prune_super
> > > >      6.55%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] grab_super_passive
> > > >      5.35%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] down_read_trylock
> > > >      4.03%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] up_read
> > > >      2.31%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] put_super
> > > >      1.81%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] drop_super
> > > >      0.99%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] __put_super
> > > >      0.25%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] __isolate_lru_page
> > > >      0.23%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] free_pcppages_bulk
> > > >      0.19%  kswapd0  [r8169]            [k] rtl8169_interrupt
> > > >      0.15%  kswapd0  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] twa_interrupt
> > > 
> > > Quite a lot of time spent shrinking slab (dcache I guess) and a lot of
> > > spin lock contention.
> > 
> > This is slabinfo, sorted by num objects:
> > 
> > xfs_inode         192941 193205    960   17    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata  11365  11365      0
> > dentry            118818 118818    192   21    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   5658   5658      0
> > kmalloc-256       107920 107920    256   16    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   6745   6745      0
> > kmalloc-64         59912 102656     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   1604   1604      0
> > radix_tree_node    30618  33474    568   14    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   2391   2391      0
> > kmalloc-96         27092  41202     96   42    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    981    981      0
> > buffer_head        24892  63843    104   39    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   1637   1637      0
> > kmalloc-192        23332  34503    192   21    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   1643   1643      0
> > sysfs_dir_cache    17444  17444    144   28    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    623    623      0
> > arp_cache          12863  14796    320   12    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   1233   1233      0
> > kmalloc-512        11051  11440    512   16    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    715    715      0
> > kmalloc-128        10611  13152    128   32    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    411    411      0
> > ext4_inode_cache    9660  18018    880   18    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata   1001   1001      0
> > kmalloc-8           8704   8704      8  512    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     17     17      0
> > ext4_io_page        6912   6912     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     27     27      0
> > anon_vma_chain      6701  10880     48   85    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    128    128      0
> > Acpi-Namespace      6611   8058     40  102    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     79     79      0
> > fsnotify_event_holder   6290   6970     24  170    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     41     41      0
> > kmalloc-1024        5813   5888   1024   16    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    368    368      0
> > vm_area_struct      5664   5664    168   24    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    236    236      0
> > reiser_inode_cache   3992   5198    704   23    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    226    226      0
> > Acpi-ParseExt       3808   3808     72   56    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     68     68      0
> > kmalloc-2048        3587   3888   2048   16    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    243    243      0
> > proc_inode_cache    3498   3510    624   13    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    270    270      0
> > anon_vma            3380   3640     72   56    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     65     65      0
> > kmalloc-16          3072   3072     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     12     12      0
> > inode_cache         3024   3024    560   14    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    216    216      0
> > ext4_allocation_context   3000   3000    136   30    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    100    100      0
> > nf_conntrack_ffffffff81776d40   2910   3549    312   13    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    273    273      0
> > kmalloc-4096        2792   3136   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    392    392      0
> > ext4_free_data      2701   2701     56   73    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     37     37      0
> > pid_namespace       2130   2130   2112   15    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    142    142      0
> > mqueue_inode_cache   2124   2124    896   18    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    118    118      0
> > jbd2_revoke_record   1664   1664     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     13     13      0
> > kmalloc-32          1434   3072     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     24     24      0
> > shmem_inode_cache   1400   1521    624   13    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata    117    117      0
> > xfs_ili             1139   1260    216   18    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     70     70      0
> > nfsd4_stateids      1131   1496    120   34    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     44     44      0
> > idr_layer_cache      900    900    544   15    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     60     60      0
> > jbd2_journal_head    742   1008    112   36    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     28     28      0
> > fsnotify_event       648    648    112   36    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     18     18      0
> > sock_inode_cache     577    624    640   12    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     52     52      0
> > tw_sock_TCP          504    504    192   21    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     24     24      0
> > TCP                  356    414   1728   18    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     23     23      0
> > RAW                  342    342    832   19    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     18     18      0
> > jbd2_journal_handle    340    340     24  170    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > blkdev_requests      322    322    344   23    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     14     14      0
> > task_struct          293    357   1504   21    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     17     17      0
> > UDP                  285    285    832   19    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     15     15      0
> > files_cache          276    276    704   23    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     12     12      0
> > nfsd4_openowners     220    320    392   20    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     16     16      0
> > mm_struct            216    216    896   18    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     12     12      0
> > sighand_cache        199    225   2112   15    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     15     15      0
> > nfsd4_delegations    198    198    368   22    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      9      9      0
> > kmem_cache_node      192    192     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      3      3      0
> > xfs_buf_item         162    162    224   18    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      9      9      0
> > ip_fib_trie          146    146     56   73    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > ext4_io_end          140    154   1128   14    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     11     11      0
> > dnotify_mark         120    120    136   30    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      4      4      0
> > TCPv6                104    119   1856   17    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      7      7      0
> > cfq_queue            102    102    232   17    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      6      6      0
> > Acpi-State           102    102     80   51    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > sigqueue             100    100    160   25    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      4      4      0
> > xfs_efd_item          80     80    400   20    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      4      4      0
> > tw_sock_TCPv6         64    144    256   16    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      9      9      0
> > bdev_cache            57     57    832   19    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      3      3      0
> > blkdev_queue          54     54   1744   18    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      3      3      0
> > net_namespace         52     52   2432   13    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      4      4      0
> > kmalloc-8192          52     52   8192    4    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata     13     13      0
> > kmem_cache            42     42    192   21    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > xfs_log_ticket        40     40    200   20    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > xfs_btree_cur         38     38    208   19    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > rpc_inode_cache       38     38    832   19    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > nf_conntrack_expect     34     34    240   17    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > xfs_da_state          32     32    488   16    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > UDPv6                 32     32   1024   16    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > xfs_trans             28     28    280   14    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > taskstats             24     24    328   12    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > dio                   24     24    640   12    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
> > posix_timers_cache     23     23    176   23    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
> > hugetlbfs_inode_cache     14     14    560   14    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
> > xfrm_dst_cache         0      0    384   21    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > user_namespace         0      0   1072   15    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > UDPLITEv6              0      0   1024   16    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > UDP-Lite               0      0    832   19    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > kcopyd_job             0      0   3240   10    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > flow_cache             0      0    104   39    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > ext2_xattr             0      0     88   46    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > ext2_inode_cache       0      0    752   21    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dquot                  0      0    256   16    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dm_uevent              0      0   2608   12    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-96         0      0     96   42    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-8192       0      0   8192    4    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-8          0      0      8  512    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-64         0      0     64   64    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-512        0      0    512   16    2 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-4096       0      0   4096    8    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-32         0      0     32  128    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-256        0      0    256   16    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-2048       0      0   2048   16    8 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-192        0      0    192   21    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-16         0      0     16  256    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-128        0      0    128   32    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > dma-kmalloc-1024       0      0   1024   16    4 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > bsg_cmd                0      0    312   13    1 : tunables    0    0    0 : slabdata      0      0      0
> > 
> > > Could you also take few snapshots of /proc/420/stack to see what kswapd
> > > is doing.
> > 
> > Uhm, there is no such entry in proc. Guess I need to enable some kernel
> > option and recompile?
> 
> Yes, you need CONFIG_STACKTRACE. But you can get a similar information
> by sysrq+t
> 
> > This will reset uptime and a problem for another 5-10 days..
> 
> Then don't do that ;)
> 
> > > > P.S.: The message above was written couple of days ago. Now I'm at 10
> > > > days uptime, and this is the result as of today
> > > >   PID USER      S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  SWAP COMMAND
> > > >   420 root      R   93  0.0 110:48.48    0 kswapd0
> > > > 30085 nowhere   D   42  0.2   0:04.36  10m dd
> > > > 
> > > > PPS: Please CC me.
> 



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