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JVGR Special Volume: The 1982 eruption of El Chichón (Mexico)
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From: Yuri Taran <taran@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Dear ALL,
We are now in contact with Elsevier for the JVGR Special Volume
The 1982 eruption of El Chichón (Mexico): Explosive Eruption Mechanisms,
Magmatic Volatile Budgets, and Igneous Anhydrite 25 Years On.
Editors (alphabetic order)
Juan Manuel Espíndola 1,
James F. Luhr 2
José Luís Macias 1
Yuri A. Tarán 1
1 - Institute of Geophysics, UNAM, Mexico
2 - Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History,
Smithsonian Institution, USA
Three dome-destroying explosions at a little-known volcano
in southeastern Mexico in late March and early April 1982 significantly
changed the way scientists think about the role of volcanic sulfur in
perturbing Earth's atmosphere and climate. Approximately 1.5 km3 of
pyroclastic-surge, -flow, and -fall deposits blanketed a large area of
tropical forest with many small settlements in northern Chiapas State.
More than 2000 people were killed, most by powerful pyroclastic surges
that almost completely erased nine of these settlements.
A surprising recognition at the time was that the 1982 pumices contained
microphenocrysts of primary anhydrite (CaSO4), not then considered to be
an igneous mineral. The eruptions also blasted an estimated 9 million
tons of SO2 into Earth's stratosphere, as measured by the Total Ozone
Mapping Spectrometer, marking the first well-documented example of
unusually large sulfur release to the atmosphere by an explosive
volcanic eruption.
Another important aspect of the 1982 eruption was the complex
interaction between magmatic and hydromagmatic explosions. The magmatic
phases with Plinan-Phreatoplinian columns were interrupted by
hydromagmatic explosions that produced pyroclastic flows and surges. A
1-km wide and >200-m deep crater was formed, and almost immediately
filled with a hot acidic lake. A special volume of JVGR devoted to El
Chichón was published in 1984, with 8 papers on different aspects of the
eruption, its impact, and its products.
During the quarter century since the 1982 eruption,
volcanology has made remarkable progress in monitoring active volcanoes
and their eruptions using both ground-based geophysical and geochemical
techniques and instruments on space-based platforms. Great advances
have also occurred in understanding volcano-atmosphere interactions and
volcanic impacts on global climate. The 1982 El Chichón eruption has
taken on new significance with the realization that the release of
excess magmatic sulfur and other volatiles, first recognized for the
1982 El Chichón eruption, and thought to reside in the separate gas
phase of a vesiculated pre-eruptive magma, is a relatively common
occurrence at subduction-related volcanoes. The stability of primary
igneous anhydrite has also been confirmed in laboratory synthesis
experiments. Furthermore, primary anhydrite has been identified in
several other important eruptions, most notably the 1991 Mount Pinatubo
eruption, which released an estimated 20 million tons of SO2 to Earth's
stratosphere and had measurable effects in warming the stratosphere and
cooling the atmosphere at Earth's surface. Understanding of magmatic
volatile budgets has also progressed considerably since 1982, with
developments in analytical techniques for studying volatile contents in
glass inclusions trapped in growing crystals.
The theme of this special volume is new studies on the past,
present, and future of El Chichón and similar volcanoes. We invite
papers on lava-dome and tuff complexes, pyroclastic -surge, -flow, and
-fall deposits and their eruption mechanisms and emplacement processes,
high-sulfur magmas, excess magmatic volatile release, primary igneous
anhydrite, volcano-atmosphere interactions, volcano-hydrothermal
systems, volcanic lakes, and associated topics.
We are planning that the deadline for the ms submission is somewhere
September-October 2006. Elsevier is waiting for a preliminary list of
authors and contributions before approving the issue.
Please, send the preliminary title and name of the first author to
taran@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx <mailto:taran@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> until February 5.
Sincerely,
Yuri Taran
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