Bill Unruh dixit: > Perhaps if you told us what you really wanted to do, instead of asking > why your first method did not work and how to fix it. Eg, you wnat to > add another partition to the usb disk since the boot system only used > 5GB of a 128GB usb, and you don't want to waste 123GB of space. Something like that. I have: an ISO 9660 filesystem that already contains a bootable MBR with a partition table and even inlines an EFI thingy: tglase@x61w:~ $ /sbin/fdisk -l /tmp/grml96-full_2022.11.iso Disk /tmp/grml96-full_2022.11.iso: 1.62 GiB, 1734606848 bytes, 3387904 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x2e49ce75 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /tmp/grml96-full_2022.11.iso1 * 0 3387903 3387904 1.6G 0 Empty /tmp/grml96-full_2022.11.iso2 628 8819 8192 4M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) I can dd(8) that to a USB stick and it’ll be bootable. My USB stick measures 4 GiB however, so I wanted to add a third partition that uses the remaining space to store extra data, which I can then use in the live system, alongside on the stick: tglase@x61w:~ $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 3.73 GiB, 4009754624 bytes, 7831552 sectors Disk model: Flash Disk Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x2e49ce75 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdb1 * 0 3387903 3387904 1.6G 0 Empty /dev/sdb2 628 8819 8192 4M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32) /dev/sdb3 3389440 7831551 4442112 2.1G 83 Linux (Oh, apparently it’s less than 4 GiB. Anyway.) So I did “sudo fdisk /dev/sdb” and added a partition, as usual. Karel Zak dixit: >Thomas Weißschuh dixit: >>In the message you may or may not have seen there is a reference to the >>`--wipe` option that describes the reasoning and possibilities. Oh, good point. I guess I’m surprised it does that by default. >There is also --protect-boot and --wipe-partitions, that may help in >some cases. Incidentally, I *did* know-ish about --wipe-partitions precisely because the default “auto” (according to the manpage… >>Reproduced here for your convenience: >>https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/fdisk/fdisk.8.en.html … I’m on bullseye, so slightly older but still present) *does* ask for “auto” in interactive mode. But --wipe doesn’t‽ -w, --wipe when […] given, the default is auto, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode. In all cases detected signatures […] -W, --wipe-partitions when […] tion is not given, the default is auto, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode and after confirmation by user. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warn‐ […] So this inconsistency combined with auto being the default but auto not meaning the same thing tripped me up. >>As for why: "in order to avoid possible collisions". Huh. But there already was a partition table there, and all I did was to add another partition in free space at the end. >>For convenience it even may have shown a prominent warning in bright red >>letters with helpful pointers. Or maybe it didn't. Let’s see… tglase@x61w:~ $ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.36.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. The device contains 'iso9660' signature and it will be removed by a write command. See fdisk(8) man page and --wipe option for more details. Command (m for help): No line wrapping, but no bright red letters either ☻ The terminal wrapped this between --wi and pe, so I guess this is the reason for me to oversee that. (And even then, the message does not indicate that I could also disable wiping there as the option is just named --wipe and not either paired with --no-wipe or named --wipe-mode which would have implied multiple possibilities. Here, a user could think “meh, I don’t want to wipe, so I don’t pass --wipe and then it won’t do that”. >>> So, how do I get fdisk to not corrupt the ISO 9660 part? >> >>Try `--wipe never` as explained above. OK, thanks, will try that next time. Or actually… tglase@x61w:~ $ sudo fdisk -w never /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.36.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. The device contains 'iso9660' signature and it may remain on the device. It is recommended to wipe the device with wipefs(8) or fdisk --wipe, in order to avoid possible collisions. Command (m for help): … from the message this sounds like it’ll do the trick. (I still think that “possible collisions” could have been worded better as well, but I’m not English, so…) bye, //mirabilos -- FWIW, I'm quite impressed with mksh interactively. I thought it was much *much* more bare bones. But it turns out it beats the living hell out of ksh93 in that respect. I'd even consider it for my daily use if I hadn't wasted half my life on my zsh setup. :-) -- Frank Terbeck in #!/bin/mksh
