Uninitialized stack variables can be abused for information exposures and may even be leveraged for exploits. Add options to initialize the stack by default. Signed-off-by: Ahmad Fatoum <a.fatoum@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> --- Makefile | 14 ++++++++ lib/Kconfig.hardening | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 90 insertions(+) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index cc8655f68a53..bbb5d9409ea8 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -691,6 +691,20 @@ endif KBUILD_CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG) += -Wno-gnu +# Initialize all stack variables with a 0xAA pattern. +KBUILD_CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_PATTERN) += -ftrivial-auto-var-init=pattern + +# Initialize all stack variables with a zero value. +ifdef CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO +KBUILD_CFLAGS += -ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero +ifdef CONFIG_CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER +# https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/44842 +CC_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER := -enable-trivial-auto-var-init-zero-knowing-it-will-be-removed-from-clang +export CC_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER +KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(CC_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER) +endif +endif + KBUILD_CFLAGS-$(CONFIG_WERROR) += -Werror # This warning generated too much noise in a regular build. diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.hardening b/lib/Kconfig.hardening index 7a177840a5a1..84aaab1693e0 100644 --- a/lib/Kconfig.hardening +++ b/lib/Kconfig.hardening @@ -12,6 +12,82 @@ config BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION menu "Memory initialization" +config CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_PATTERN + def_bool $(cc-option,-ftrivial-auto-var-init=pattern) + +config CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_BARE + def_bool $(cc-option,-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero) + +config CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER + # Clang 16 and later warn about using the -enable flag, but it + # is required before then. + def_bool $(cc-option,-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero -enable-trivial-auto-var-init-zero-knowing-it-will-be-removed-from-clang) + depends on !CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_BARE + +config CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO + def_bool CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_BARE || CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO_ENABLER + +choice + prompt "Initialize barebox stack variables at function entry" + default INIT_STACK_ALL_PATTERN if COMPILE_TEST && CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_PATTERN + default INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO if CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO + default INIT_STACK_NONE + help + This option enables initialization of stack variables at + function entry time. This has the possibility to have the + greatest coverage (since all functions can have their + variables initialized), but the performance impact depends + on the function calling complexity of a given workload's + syscalls. + + This chooses the level of coverage over classes of potentially + uninitialized variables. The selected class of variable will be + initialized before use in a function. + + config INIT_STACK_NONE + bool "no automatic stack variable initialization (weakest)" + help + Disable automatic stack variable initialization. + This leaves barebox vulnerable to the standard + classes of uninitialized stack variable exploits + and information exposures. + + config INIT_STACK_ALL_PATTERN + bool "pattern-init everything (strongest)" + depends on CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_PATTERN + help + Initializes everything on the stack (including padding) + with a specific debug value. This is intended to eliminate + all classes of uninitialized stack variable exploits and + information exposures, even variables that were warned about + having been left uninitialized. + + Pattern initialization is known to provoke many existing bugs + related to uninitialized locals, e.g. pointers receive + non-NULL values, buffer sizes and indices are very big. The + pattern is situation-specific; Clang on 64-bit uses 0xAA + repeating for all types and padding except float and double + which use 0xFF repeating (-NaN). Clang on 32-bit uses 0xFF + repeating for all types and padding. + + config INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO + bool "zero-init everything (strongest and safest)" + depends on CC_HAS_AUTO_VAR_INIT_ZERO + help + Initializes everything on the stack (including padding) + with a zero value. This is intended to eliminate all + classes of uninitialized stack variable exploits and + information exposures, even variables that were warned + about having been left uninitialized. + + Zero initialization provides safe defaults for strings + (immediately NUL-terminated), pointers (NULL), indices + (index 0), and sizes (0 length), so it is therefore more + suitable as a production security mitigation than pattern + initialization. + +endchoice + config INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON bool "Enable heap memory zeroing on allocation by default" depends on !MALLOC_LIBC -- 2.39.5
