Based on linux v4.8 patch: a5967db9af51a84f5e181600954714a9e4c69f1f
kbuild: allow architectures to use thin archives instead of ld -r
ld -r is an incremental link used to create built-in.o files in build
subdirectories. It produces relocatable object files containing all
its input files, and these are are then pulled together and relocated
in the final link. Aside from the bloat, this constrains the final
link relocations, which has bitten large powerpc builds with
unresolvable relocations in the final link.
Alan Modra has recommended the kernel use thin archives for linking.
This is an alternative and means that the linker has more information
available to it when it links the kernel.
This patch enables a config option architectures can select, which
causes all built-in.o files to be built as thin archives. built-in.o
files in subdirectories do not get symbol table or index attached,
which improves speed and size. The final link pass creates a
built-in.o archive in the root output directory which includes the
symbol table and index. The linker then uses takes this file to link.
The --whole-archive linker option is required, because the linker now
has visibility to every individual object file, and it will otherwise
just completely avoid including those without external references
(consider a file with EXPORT_SYMBOL or initcall or hardware exceptions
as its only entry points). The traditional built works "by luck" as
built-in.o files are large enough that they're going to get external
references. However this optimisation is unpredictable for the kernel
(due to above external references), ineffective at culling unused, and
costly because the .o files have to be searched for references.
Superior alternatives for link-time culling should be used instead.
Build characteristics for inclink vs thinarc, on a small powerpc64le
pseries VM with a modest .config:
inclink thinarc
sizes
vmlinux 15 618 680 15 625 028
sum of all built-in.o 56 091 808 1 054 334
sum excluding root built-in.o 151 430
find -name built-in.o | xargs rm ; time make vmlinux
real 22.772s 21.143s
user 13.280s 13.430s
sys 4.310s 2.750s
- Final kernel pulled in only about 6K more, which shows how
ineffective the object file culling is.
- Build performance looks improved due to less pagecache activity.
On IO constrained systems it could be a bigger win.
- Build size saving is significant.
Side note, the toochain understands archives, so there's some tricks,
$ ar t built-in.o # list all files you linked with
$ size built-in.o # and their sizes
$ objdump -d built-in.o # disassembly (unrelocated) with filenames
Implementation by sfr, minor tweaks by npiggin.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@xxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@xxxxxxxx>
For barebox using the *_defconfig
sizes
barebox-socfpga-de0_nano_soc.img 225087 225045
barebox-socfpga-sockit.img 226239 226197
barebox-socfpga-socrates.img 225247 225205
barebox-solidrun-hummingboard2-microsom-i4.img 635596 635109
barebox-tq-mba53-512mib.img 618856 618445
With socfpga_defconfig build times speed up a little, too:
time make barebox
real 32.22s 29.42s
user 28.47s 26.33s
sys 4.10s 3.94s
Signed-off-by: Steffen Trumtrar <s.trumtrar@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
---
Makefile | 1 +
common/Kconfig | 6 ++++++
scripts/Makefile.build | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------
scripts/link-barebox.sh | 14 +++++++++++++-
4 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 8b8fb9caa887..4688ee7c126b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -632,6 +632,7 @@ quiet_cmd_link-barebox = LINK $@
export BAREBOX_LDS := $(barebox-lds)
export BAREBOX_COMMON := $(barebox-common)
+export BAREBOX_PBL_COMMON := $(barebox-pbl-common)
export KALLSYMS
barebox: scripts/link-barebox.sh $(barebox-deps) FORCE
diff --git a/common/Kconfig b/common/Kconfig
index c97beea81513..ed7a03246495 100644
--- a/common/Kconfig
+++ b/common/Kconfig
@@ -365,6 +365,12 @@ config RELOCATABLE
allowing it to relocate to the end of the available RAM. This
way you have the whole memory in a single piece.
+config THIN_ARCHIVES
+ bool
+ help
+ Select this if the architecture wants to use thin archives
+ instead of ld -r to create the built-in.o files.
+
config PANIC_HANG
bool "hang the system in case of a fatal error"
help
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.build b/scripts/Makefile.build
index 56ee07206516..a46e073f8250 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.build
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.build
@@ -311,11 +311,24 @@ $(sort $(subdir-obj-y)): $(subdir-ym) ;
# Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .o file
#
ifdef builtin-target
-quiet_cmd_link_o_target = LD $@
+
+ifdef CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES
+ # FIXME: it should be possible to use 's' instead of 'S' here, but this breaks the
+ # pbl build process, with a missing index. Usage of 's' *can* speed up the build,
+ # but as the buildtime of barebox is rather short, keep the 's' for the time being
+ cmd_make_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcsT$(ARFLAGS)
+ cmd_make_empty_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcST$(ARFLAGS)
+ quiet_cmd_link_o_target = AR $@
+else
+ cmd_make_builtin = $(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o
+ cmd_make_empty_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs$(ARFLAGS)
+ quiet_cmd_link_o_target = LD $@
+endif
+
# If the list of objects to link is empty, just create an empty built-in.o
cmd_link_o_target = $(if $(strip $(obj-y)),\
- $(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o $@ $(filter $(obj-y), $^),\
- rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs $@)
+ $(cmd_make_builtin) $@ $(filter $(obj-y), $^),\
+ $(cmd_make_empty_builtin) $@)
$(builtin-target): $(obj-y) FORCE
$(call if_changed,link_o_target)
@@ -327,8 +340,8 @@ ifdef pbl-target
quiet_cmd_pbl_link_o_target = PBLLD $@
# If the list of objects to link is empty, just create an empty built-in-pbl.o
cmd_pbl_link_o_target = $(if $(strip $(pbl-y)),\
- $(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o $@ $(filter $(pbl-y), $^),\
- rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs $@)
+ $(cmd_make_builtin) $@ $(filter $(pbl-y), $^),\
+ $(cmd_make_empty_builtin) $@)
$(pbl-target): $(pbl-y) FORCE
$(call if_changed,pbl_link_o_target)
@@ -341,7 +354,12 @@ endif # pbl-target
#
ifdef lib-target
quiet_cmd_link_l_target = AR $@
-cmd_link_l_target = rm -f $@; $(AR) $(EXTRA_ARFLAGS) rcs $@ $(lib-y)
+
+ifdef CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES
+ cmd_link_l_target = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcsT$(ARFLAGS) $@ $(lib-y)
+else
+ cmd_link_l_target = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs$(ARFLAGS) $@ $(lib-y)
+endif
$(lib-target): $(lib-y) FORCE
$(call if_changed,link_l_target)
diff --git a/scripts/link-barebox.sh b/scripts/link-barebox.sh
index 20375792a7f7..a783dd6d5532 100755
--- a/scripts/link-barebox.sh
+++ b/scripts/link-barebox.sh
@@ -77,8 +77,16 @@ archive_builtin_pbl()
# ${2} - output file
barebox_link()
{
+ local objects
+
+ if [ -n "${CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES}" ]; then
+ objects="--whole-archive built-in.o ${1}"
+ else
+ objects="--start-group ${BAREBOX_COMMON} --end-group ${1}"
+ fi
+
${LD} ${LDFLAGS} ${LDFLAGS_barebox} -o ${2} \
- -T ${BAREBOX_LDS} --start-group ${BAREBOX_COMMON} --end-group ${1}
+ -T ${BAREBOX_LDS} ${objects}
}
# Create ${2} .o file with all symbols from the ${1} object file
@@ -116,6 +124,7 @@ cleanup()
rm -f .tmp_kallsyms*
rm -f .tmp_version
rm -f .tmp_barebox*
+ rm -f built-in.o
rm -f System.map
rm -f barebox.S
rm -f barebox.bin
@@ -160,6 +169,9 @@ case "${KCONFIG_CONFIG}" in
. "./${KCONFIG_CONFIG}"
esac
+archive_builtin
+archive_builtin_pbl
+
# Update version
info GEN .version
if [ ! -r .version ]; then
--
2.19.2
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