Quoting https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Debugging/ console= can be specified multiple times, systemd will output to all of them. That's wrong. systemd will write to /dev/console and according to kernel documentation (and my experience :) ) kernel will forward it only to the last listed console. From https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/serial-console.html: You can specify multiple console= options on the kernel command line. Output will appear on all of them. The last device will be used when you open /dev/console. So *kernel* output will indeed be duplicated to all of them, but not output written to /dev/console. _______________________________________________ systemd-devel mailing list systemd-devel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx https://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel