Hello, When systemd-networkd-wait-online was originally introduced, it was the only tool that correctly waited and blocked the boot, until after networking is configured. These days, however, all/most network configurations tools ship appropriate wait-online integration. E.g. there is network-manager wait online service and ifupdown wait online, on Debian/Ubuntu. These other helpers, seem to be slightly smarter than systemd-networkd-wait-online. Specifically, all other helpers exit straight away, if they have no devices configured / managed. Whilst systemd-networkd-wait-online, doesn't appear to know if it expects any devices / can manage any devices. Ideally, if no devices are configured / no devices match .network files, maybe it should exit straight away? Or for example, do so if no devices are found in "configuring/pending/not yet processed by udev". (code wise, it is to change one_ready to true by default, and only continue blocking the, if there is anything pending configuration). I'm considering doing this by default, or for-example, doing it if there are no /run/systemd/network/*.network /etc/systemd/network/*.network files. The use cases when it matters: - installer ISO booted without any NICs attached (or NICs require special drivers / firmware loaded etc) - cloud-image booted and cloud-init failed to find network-config and generate networkd stanzas -- Regards, Dimitri.