I see the following build failures in v4.14.y.queue and v4.19.y.queue. Build reference: v4.19.297-41-g46e03d3 Compiler version: x86_64-linux-gcc (GCC) 11.4.0 Assembler version: GNU assembler (GNU Binutils) 2.40 Building i386:defconfig ... failed -------------- Error log: arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S: Assembler messages: arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S:126: Error: invalid character '(' in mnemonic arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S:57: Info: macro invoked from here arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S:128: Error: invalid character '(' in mnemonic arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S:57: Info: macro invoked from here make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:403: arch/x86/kernel/head_32.o] Error 1 make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:544: arch/x86/kernel] Error 2 make[1]: *** [Makefile:1086: arch/x86] Error 2 make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... make: *** [Makefile:153: sub-make] Error 2 This appears to be caused by an attempt to support older versions of binutils in those branches, specifically 30aa3427922d x86/mm: Fix RESERVE_BRK() for older binutils a70252b27451 x86/mm: Simplify RESERVE_BRK() I also tried gcc 11.4.0 / binutils 2.38 as well as gcc 6.4.0 / binutils 2.32 with the same result. Guenter