On Mon, Oct 23, 2023 at 07:44:56AM +0200, Christoph Hellwig wrote: > Yes, you need someone with root access to change the device node > persmissions. But we allowed that under the assumption it is safe > to do so, which it turns out it is not. Okay, iiuc, while we have to opt-in to allow this hole, we need another option for users to set to allow this usage because it's not safe. Here are two options I have considered for unpriveledged access, please let me know if you have others or thoughts. Restrict access for processes with CAP_SYS_RAWIO, which can be granted to non-root users. This cap is already used in scsi subsystem, too. A per nvme-generic namespace sysfs attribute that only root can toggle that would override any caps and just rely on access permissions.