Paul, I just started running my branch tracer (that checks all branches and also gives likely and unlikely correctness). And I found this: correct incorrect % Function File Line ------- --------- - -------- ---- ---- 0 1217713 100 rcu_softirq_qs tree.c 247 Which comes down to this: # define rcu_tasks_trace_qs(t) \ do { \ int ___rttq_nesting = READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_nesting); \ \ if (likely(!READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.need_qs)) && \ likely(!___rttq_nesting)) { \ rcu_trc_cmpxchg_need_qs((t), 0, TRC_NEED_QS_CHECKED); \ } else if (___rttq_nesting && ___rttq_nesting != INT_MIN && \ !READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.blocked)) { \ rcu_tasks_trace_qs_blkd(t); \ } \ } while (0) I added just before the likely/unlikely to my test box and I see this: trace_printk("need qs? %d %d\n", READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.need_qs), ___rttq_nesting); \ <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.482412: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.482464: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [000] d.h1. 2.482766: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [001] d.h1. 2.482951: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [007] d.h1. 2.482958: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.483600: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.483624: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [000] d.h1. 2.483927: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [007] d.h1. 2.484068: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [001] d.h1. 2.484127: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.484723: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.484745: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [000] d.h1. 2.485015: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [007] d.h1. 2.485202: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [001] d.h1. 2.485258: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.485818: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.485929: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [000] d.h1. 2.486224: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [007] d.h1. 2.486370: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [001] d.h1. 2.486399: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.486895: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.487049: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [000] d.h1. 2.487318: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [007] d.h1. 2.487472: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [001] d.h1. 2.487522: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [002] d.h1. 2.488034: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 <idle>-0 [005] d.h1. 2.488220: rcu_sched_clock_irq: need qs? 2 0 Note, that "2" is the READ_ONCE() without the "!" to it. Thus: if (likely(!READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.need_qs)) && \ Is unlikely to be true. Was this supposed to be: if (!likely(READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.need_qs)) && \ Or could it be converted to: if (unlikely(!READ_ONCE((t)->trc_reader_special.b.need_qs)) && \ ? Note, the unlikely tracing is running on my production server v6.6.3. The above trace is from my test box with latest Linus's tree. -- Steve