On Wed, 6 Sep 2023 14:26:30 +0800 AceLan Kao <acelan@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > From previous testing, I don't think it's an issue in systemd, so I > did a simple test and found the issue is gone. > You only need to add a small delay in md_release(), then the issue > can't be reproduced. > > diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c > index 78be7811a89f..ef47e34c1af5 100644 > --- a/drivers/md/md.c > +++ b/drivers/md/md.c > @@ -7805,6 +7805,7 @@ static void md_release(struct gendisk *disk) > { > struct mddev *mddev = disk->private_data; > > + msleep(10); > BUG_ON(!mddev); > atomic_dec(&mddev->openers); > mddev_put(mddev); I have repro and I tested it on my setup. It is not working for me. My setup could be more "advanced" to maximalize chance of reproduction: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] [raid0] md121 : active raid0 nvme2n1[1] nvme5n1[0] 7126394880 blocks super external:/md127/0 128k chunks md122 : active raid10 nvme6n1[3] nvme4n1[2] nvme1n1[1] nvme7n1[0] 104857600 blocks super external:/md126/0 64K chunks 2 near-copies [4/4] [UUUU] md123 : active raid5 nvme6n1[3] nvme4n1[2] nvme1n1[1] nvme7n1[0] 2655765504 blocks super external:/md126/1 level 5, 32k chunk, algorithm 0 [4/4] [UUUU] md124 : active raid1 nvme0n1[1] nvme3n1[0] 99614720 blocks super external:/md125/0 [2/2] [UU] md125 : inactive nvme3n1[1](S) nvme0n1[0](S) 10402 blocks super external:imsm md126 : inactive nvme7n1[3](S) nvme1n1[2](S) nvme6n1[1](S) nvme4n1[0](S) 20043 blocks super external:imsm md127 : inactive nvme2n1[1](S) nvme5n1[0](S) 10402 blocks super external:imsm I have almost 99% repro ratio, slowly moving forward.. It is endless loop because systemd-shutdown sends ioctl "stop_array" which is successful but array is not stopped. For that reason it sets "changed = true". Systemd-shutdown see the change and retries to check if there is something else which can be stopped now, and again, again... I will check what is returned first, it could be 0 or it could be positive errno (nit?) because systemd cares "if(r < 0)". Thanks, Mariusz