Re: Reshape Failure

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Hi Kuai,

Thank you for the suggestion, I was previously on 5.15.0. I've built
an environment with 6.5.0.1 now and assembled the array there, but the
same problem happens. It reshaped for 20-30 seconds, then completely
stopped.

Processes and /proc/<PID>/stack output:
root       24593  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        I<   09:22   0:00 [raid5wq]
root       24594 96.5  0.0      0     0 ?        R    09:22   2:29 [md0_raid6]
root       24595  0.3  0.0      0     0 ?        D    09:22   0:00 [md0_reshape]

[root@arch ~]# cat /proc/24593/stack
[<0>] rescuer_thread+0x2b0/0x3b0
[<0>] kthread+0xe8/0x120
[<0>] ret_from_fork+0x34/0x50
[<0>] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30

[root@arch ~]# cat /proc/24594/stack

[root@arch ~]# cat /proc/24595/stack
[<0>] reshape_request+0x416/0x9f0 [raid456]
[<0>] raid5_sync_request+0x2fc/0x3d0 [raid456]
[<0>] md_do_sync+0x7d6/0x11d0 [md_mod]
[<0>] md_thread+0xae/0x190 [md_mod]
[<0>] kthread+0xe8/0x120
[<0>] ret_from_fork+0x34/0x50
[<0>] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30

Please let me know if there's a better way to provide the stack info.

Thank you

On Sun, Sep 3, 2023 at 6:41 PM Yu Kuai <yukuai1@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> 在 2023/09/04 5:39, Jason Moss 写道:
> > Hello,
> >
> > I recently attempted to add a new drive to my 8-drive RAID 6 array,
> > growing it to 9 drives. I've done similar before with the same array,
> > having previously grown it from 6 drives to 7 and then from 7 to 8
> > with no issues. Drives are WD Reds, most older than 2019, some
> > (including the newest) newer, but all confirmed CMR and not SMR.
> >
> > Process used to expand the array:
> > mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1
> > mdadm --grow --raid-devices=9 --backup-file=/root/grow_md0.bak /dev/md0
> >
> > The reshape started off fine, the process was underway, and the volume
> > was still usable as expected. However, 15-30 minutes into the reshape,
> > I lost access to the contents of the drive. Checking /proc/mdstat, the
> > reshape was stopped at 0.6% with the counter not incrementing at all.
> > Any process accessing the array would just hang until killed. I waited
>
> What kernel version are you using? And it'll be very helpful if you can
> collect the stack of all stuck thread. There is a known deadlock for
> raid5 related to reshape, and it's fixed in v6.5:
>
> https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230512015610.821290-6-yukuai1@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
> > a half hour and there was still no further change to the counter. At
> > this point, I restarted the server and found that when it came back up
> > it would begin reshaping again, but only very briefly, under 30
> > seconds, but the counter would be increasing during that time.
> >
> > I searched furiously for ideas and tried stopping and reassembling the
> > array, assembling with an invalid-backup flag, echoing "frozen" then
> > "reshape" to the sync_action file, and echoing "max" to the sync_max
> > file. Nothing ever seemed to make a difference.
> >
>
> Don't do this before v6.5, echo "reshape" while reshape is still in
> progress will corrupt your data:
>
> https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230512015610.821290-3-yukuai1@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
> Thanks,
> Kuai
>
> > Here is where I slightly panicked, worried that I'd borked my array,
> > and powered off the server again and disconnected the new drive that
> > was just added, assuming that since it was the change, it may be the
> > problem despite having burn-in tested it, and figuring that I'll rush
> > order a new drive, so long as the reshape continues and I can just
> > rebuild onto a new drive once the reshape finishes. However, this made
> > no difference and the array continued to not rebuild.
> >
> > Much searching later, I'd found nothing substantially different then
> > I'd already tried and one of the common threads in other people's
> > issues was bad drives, so I ran a self-test against each of the
> > existing drives and found one drive that failed the read test.
> > Thinking I had the culprit now, I dropped that drive out of the array
> > and assembled the array again, but the same behavior persists. The
> > array reshapes very briefly, then completely stops.
> >
> > Down to 0 drives of redundancy (in the reshaped section at least), not
> > finding any new ideas on any of the forums, mailing list, wiki, etc,
> > and very frustrated, I took a break, bought all new drives to build a
> > new array in another server and restored from a backup. However, there
> > is still some data not captured by the most recent backup that I would
> > like to recover, and I'd also like to solve the problem purely to
> > understand what happened and how to recover in the future.
> >
> > Is there anything else I should try to recover this array, or is this
> > a lost cause?
> >
> > Details requested by the wiki to follow and I'm happy to collect any
> > further data that would assist. /dev/sdb is the new drive that was
> > added, then disconnected. /dev/sdh is the drive that failed a
> > self-test and was removed from the array.
> >
> > Thank you in advance for any help provided!
> >
> >
> > $ uname -a
> > Linux Blyth 5.15.0-76-generic #83-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 15 19:16:32 UTC
> > 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
> >
> > $ mdadm --version
> > mdadm - v4.2 - 2021-12-30
> >
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sda
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4N7AT7R7X
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 268545f93
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:27:55 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sda
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4N7AT7R7X
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 268545f93
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:16 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdb
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WXG1A8UGLS42
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2b75ef53b
> > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:19 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdc
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4N4HYL32Y
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2630752f8
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:20 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdd
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68N32N0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WCC7K1FF6DYK
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2ba952a30
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Form Factor:      3.5 inches
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:21 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sde
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WCC4N5ZHTRJF
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2b88b83bb
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:22 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdf
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WMC1T3804790
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6036b6826
> > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:23 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdg
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WMC4N0H692Z9
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 65af39740
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:24 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdh
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68EUZN0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WMC4N0K5S750
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6b048d9ca
> > Firmware Version: 82.00A82
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:24 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> > $ sudo smartctl -H -i -l scterc /dev/sdi
> > smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-76-generic] (local build)
> > Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
> >
> > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
> > Model Family:     Western Digital Red
> > Device Model:     WDC WD30EFRX-68AX9N0
> > Serial Number:    WD-WMC1T1502475
> > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 058d2e5cb
> > Firmware Version: 80.00A80
> > User Capacity:    3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
> > Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
> > Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
> > ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
> > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
> > Local Time is:    Sun Sep  3 13:28:27 2023 PDT
> > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
> > SMART support is: Enabled
> >
> > === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
> > SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
> >
> > SCT Error Recovery Control:
> >             Read:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >            Write:     70 (7.0 seconds)
> >
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sda
> > /dev/sda:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sda1
> > /dev/sda1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0xd
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856376832 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247728 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 8ca60ad5:60d19333:11b24820:91453532
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 24 sectors - bad
> > blocks present.
> >         Checksum : b6d8f4d1 - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 7
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdb
> > /dev/sdb:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdb1
> > /dev/sdb1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856376832 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247728 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 386d3001:16447e43:4d2a5459:85618d11
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124207104 (118.45 GiB 127.19 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 00:02:59 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 24 sectors
> >         Checksum : b544a39 - correct
> >           Events : 181077
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 8
> >     Array State : AAAAAAAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdc
> > /dev/sdc:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdc1
> > /dev/sdc1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0xd
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856376832 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 1798ec4f:72c56905:4e74ea61:2468db75
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors - bad
> > blocks present.
> >         Checksum : 88d8b8fc - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 4
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdd
> > /dev/sdd:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdd1
> > /dev/sdd1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856376832 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247728 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : a198095b:f54d26a9:deb3be8f:d6de9be1
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 24 sectors
> >         Checksum : d1471d9d - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 6
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sde
> > /dev/sde:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sde1
> > /dev/sde1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856376832 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : acf7ba2e:35d2fa91:6b12b0ce:33a73af5
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
> >         Checksum : e05d0278 - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 5
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdf
> > /dev/sdf:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdf1
> > /dev/sdf1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856373760 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 31e7b86d:c274ff45:aa6dab50:2ff058c6
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
> >         Checksum : 26792cc0 - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 0
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdg
> > /dev/sdg:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdg1
> > /dev/sdg1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856373760 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 74476ce7:4edc23f6:08120711:ba281425
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
> >         Checksum : 6f67d179 - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 1
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdh
> > /dev/sdh:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdh1
> > /dev/sdh1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0xd
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856373760 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : 31c08263:b135f0f5:763bc86b:f81d7296
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124207104 (118.45 GiB 127.19 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 20:09:14 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors - bad
> > blocks present.
> >         Checksum : b7696b68 - correct
> >           Events : 181089
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 2
> >     Array State : AAAAAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdi
> > /dev/sdi:
> >     MBR Magic : aa55
> > Partition[0] :   4294967295 sectors at            1 (type ee)
> > $ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdi1
> > /dev/sdi1:
> >            Magic : a92b4efc
> >          Version : 1.2
> >      Feature Map : 0x5
> >       Array UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >             Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >    Creation Time : Tue Aug  4 23:47:57 2015
> >       Raid Level : raid6
> >     Raid Devices : 9
> >
> >   Avail Dev Size : 5856373760 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >       Array Size : 20497268736 KiB (19.09 TiB 20.99 TB)
> >    Used Dev Size : 5856362496 sectors (2.73 TiB 3.00 TB)
> >      Data Offset : 247808 sectors
> >     Super Offset : 8 sectors
> >     Unused Space : before=247720 sectors, after=14336 sectors
> >            State : clean
> >      Device UUID : ac1063fc:d9d66e6d:f3de33da:b396f483
> >
> > Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
> >    Reshape pos'n : 124311040 (118.55 GiB 127.29 GB)
> >    Delta Devices : 1 (8->9)
> >
> >      Update Time : Tue Jul 11 23:12:08 2023
> >    Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
> >         Checksum : 23b6d024 - correct
> >           Events : 181105
> >
> >           Layout : left-symmetric
> >       Chunk Size : 512K
> >
> >     Device Role : Active device 3
> >     Array State : AA.AAAAA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
> >
> > $ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0
> > /dev/md0:
> >             Version : 1.2
> >          Raid Level : raid6
> >       Total Devices : 9
> >         Persistence : Superblock is persistent
> >
> >               State : inactive
> >     Working Devices : 9
> >
> >       Delta Devices : 1, (-1->0)
> >           New Level : raid6
> >          New Layout : left-symmetric
> >       New Chunksize : 512K
> >
> >                Name : Blyth:0  (local to host Blyth)
> >                UUID : 440dc11e:079308b1:131eda79:9a74c670
> >              Events : 181105
> >
> >      Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice
> >
> >         -       8        1        -        /dev/sda1
> >         -       8      129        -        /dev/sdi1
> >         -       8      113        -        /dev/sdh1
> >         -       8       97        -        /dev/sdg1
> >         -       8       81        -        /dev/sdf1
> >         -       8       65        -        /dev/sde1
> >         -       8       49        -        /dev/sdd1
> >         -       8       33        -        /dev/sdc1
> >         -       8       17        -        /dev/sdb1
> >
> > $ cat /proc/mdstat
> > Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5]
> > [raid4] [raid10]
> > md0 : inactive sdb1[9](S) sdi1[4](S) sdf1[0](S) sdg1[1](S) sdh1[3](S)
> > sda1[8](S) sdd1[7](S) sdc1[6](S) sde1[5](S)
> >        26353689600 blocks super 1.2
> >
> > unused devices: <none>
> >
> > .
> >
>




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