Since Linux 5.4 a layout is needed for RAID0 arrays with
varying device sizes.
This patch makes the layout of an array visible (via --examine)
and sets the layout on newly created arrays.
--layout=dangerous
can be used to avoid setting a layout so that they array
can be used on older kernels.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@xxxxxxx>
---
Create.c | 11 +++++++++++
maps.c | 12 ++++++++++++
md.4 | 14 ++++++++++++++
mdadm.8.in | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
mdadm.c | 8 ++++++++
mdadm.h | 8 +++++++-
super0.c | 6 ++++++
super1.c | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
8 files changed, 116 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Create.c b/Create.c
index 292f92a9ae63..6f84e5b0de99 100644
--- a/Create.c
+++ b/Create.c
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ static int default_layout(struct supertype *st, int level, int verbose)
default: /* no layout */
layout = 0;
break;
+ case 0:
+ layout = RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT;
+ break;
case 10:
layout = 0x102; /* near=2, far=1 */
if (verbose > 0)
@@ -950,6 +953,11 @@ int Create(struct supertype *st, char *mddev,
if (rv) {
pr_err("ADD_NEW_DISK for %s failed: %s\n",
dv->devname, strerror(errno));
+ if (errno == EINVAL &&
+ info.array.level == 0) {
+ pr_err("Possibly your kernel doesn't support RAID0 layouts.\n");
+ pr_err("Either upgrade, or use --layout=dangerous\n");
+ }
goto abort_locked;
}
break;
@@ -1046,6 +1054,9 @@ int Create(struct supertype *st, char *mddev,
if (ioctl(mdfd, RUN_ARRAY, ¶m)) {
pr_err("RUN_ARRAY failed: %s\n",
strerror(errno));
+ if (errno == 524 /* ENOTSUP */ &&
+ info.array.level == 0)
+ cont_err("Please use --layout=original or --layout=alternate\n");
if (info.array.chunk_size & (info.array.chunk_size-1)) {
cont_err("Problem may be that chunk size is not a power of 2\n");
}
diff --git a/maps.c b/maps.c
index 49b7f2c2d274..71e898eb9e05 100644
--- a/maps.c
+++ b/maps.c
@@ -73,6 +73,18 @@ mapping_t r6layout[] = {
{ NULL, UnSet }
};
+/* raid0 layout is only needed because of a bug in 3.13 which changed
+ * the effective layout of raid0 arrays with varying device sizes.
+ */
+mapping_t r0layout[] = {
+ { "original", RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT},
+ { "alternate", RAID0_ALT_MULTIZONE_LAYOUT},
+ { "1", 1},
+ { "2", 2},
+ { "dangerous", 0},
+ { NULL, UnSet},
+};
+
mapping_t pers[] = {
{ "linear", LEVEL_LINEAR},
{ "raid0", 0},
diff --git a/md.4 b/md.4
index e86707a2cbb3..6fe275541abd 100644
--- a/md.4
+++ b/md.4
@@ -193,6 +193,20 @@ smallest device has been exhausted, the RAID0 driver starts
collecting chunks into smaller stripes that only span the drives which
still have remaining space.
+A bug was introduced in linux 3.14 which changed the layout of blocks in
+a RAID0 beyond the region that is striped over all devices. This bug
+does not affect an array with all devices the same size, but can affect
+other RAID0 arrays.
+
+Linux 5.4 (and some stable kernels to which the change was backported)
+will not normally assemble such an array as it cannot know which layout
+to use. There is a module parameter "raid0.default_layout" which can be
+set to "1" to force the kernel to use the pre-3.14 layout or to "2" to
+force it to use the 3.14-and-later layout. when creating a new RAID0
+array,
+.I mdadm
+will record the chosen layout in the metadata in a way that allows newer
+kernels to assemble the array without needing a module parameter.
.SS RAID1
diff --git a/mdadm.8.in b/mdadm.8.in
index 9aec9f4f7259..ea07c429e668 100644
--- a/mdadm.8.in
+++ b/mdadm.8.in
@@ -593,6 +593,8 @@ to change the RAID level in some cases. See LEVEL CHANGES below.
This option configures the fine details of data layout for RAID5, RAID6,
and RAID10 arrays, and controls the failure modes for
.IR faulty .
+It can also be used for working around a kernel bug, but generaly
+doesn't need to be used explicitly.
The layout of the RAID5 parity block can be one of
.BR left\-asymmetric ,
@@ -652,7 +654,7 @@ option to set subsequent failure modes.
"clear" or "none" will remove any pending or periodic failure modes,
and "flush" will clear any persistent faults.
-Finally, the layout options for RAID10 are one of 'n', 'o' or 'f' followed
+The layout options for RAID10 are one of 'n', 'o' or 'f' followed
by a small number. The default is 'n2'. The supported options are:
.I 'n'
@@ -677,6 +679,32 @@ devices in the array. It does not need to divide evenly into that
number (e.g. it is perfectly legal to have an 'n2' layout for an array
with an odd number of devices).
+A bug in Linux 3.14 means that RAID0 arrays
+.B "with devices of differing sizes"
+started using a different layout. This could lead to
+data corruption. Since Linux 5.4 (and various stable releases that received
+backports), the kernel will not accept such an array unless
+a layout is explictly set. It can be set to
+.RB ' original '
+or
+.RB ' alternate '.
+When creating a new array,
+.I mdadm
+will select
+.RB ' original '
+by default, so the layout does not normally need to be set.
+An array created for either
+.RB ' original '
+or
+.RB ' alternate '
+with not be recognized by an (unpatched) kernel prior to 5.4. To create
+a RAID0 array with devices of differing sizes that can be used on an
+older kernel, you can set the layout to
+.RB ' dangerous '.
+This will use whichever layout the running kernel supports, so the data
+on the array may become corrupt when changing kernel from pre-3.14 to a
+later kernel.
+
When an array is converted between RAID5 and RAID6 an intermediate
RAID6 layout is used in which the second parity block (Q) is always on
the last device. To convert a RAID5 to RAID6 and leave it in this new
diff --git a/mdadm.c b/mdadm.c
index 1fb8086050ee..e438f9c864da 100644
--- a/mdadm.c
+++ b/mdadm.c
@@ -550,6 +550,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
pr_err("raid level must be given before layout.\n");
exit(2);
+ case 0:
+ s.layout = map_name(r0layout, optarg);
+ if (s.layout == UnSet) {
+ pr_err("layout %s not understood for raid0.\n",
+ optarg);
+ exit(2);
+ }
+ break;
case 5:
s.layout = map_name(r5layout, optarg);
if (s.layout == UnSet) {
diff --git a/mdadm.h b/mdadm.h
index c88ceab01875..242fd864d657 100644
--- a/mdadm.h
+++ b/mdadm.h
@@ -763,7 +763,8 @@ extern int restore_stripes(int *dest, unsigned long long *offsets,
extern char *map_num(mapping_t *map, int num);
extern int map_name(mapping_t *map, char *name);
-extern mapping_t r5layout[], r6layout[], pers[], modes[], faultylayout[];
+extern mapping_t r0layout[], r5layout[], r6layout[],
+ pers[], modes[], faultylayout[];
extern mapping_t consistency_policies[], sysfs_array_states[];
extern char *map_dev_preferred(int major, int minor, int create,
@@ -1757,6 +1758,11 @@ char *xstrdup(const char *str);
#define makedev(M,m) (((M)<<8) | (m))
#endif
+enum r0layout {
+ RAID0_ORIG_LAYOUT = 1,
+ RAID0_ALT_MULTIZONE_LAYOUT = 2,
+};
+
/* for raid4/5/6 */
#define ALGORITHM_LEFT_ASYMMETRIC 0
#define ALGORITHM_RIGHT_ASYMMETRIC 1
diff --git a/super0.c b/super0.c
index 42989b9f66eb..9adb33480783 100644
--- a/super0.c
+++ b/super0.c
@@ -1291,6 +1291,12 @@ static int validate_geometry0(struct supertype *st, int level,
if (*chunk == UnSet)
*chunk = DEFAULT_CHUNK;
+ if (level == 0 && layout != UnSet) {
+ if (verbose)
+ pr_err("0.90 metadata does not support layouts for RAID0\n");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
if (!subdev)
return 1;
diff --git a/super1.c b/super1.c
index b85dc20ca605..312303fecbe1 100644
--- a/super1.c
+++ b/super1.c
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ struct mdp_superblock_1 {
__u64 ctime; /* lo 40 bits are seconds, top 24 are microseconds or 0*/
__u32 level; /* -4 (multipath), -1 (linear), 0,1,4,5 */
- __u32 layout; /* only for raid5 currently */
+ __u32 layout; /* use for raid5, raid6, raid10, and raid0 */
__u64 size; /* used size of component devices, in 512byte sectors */
__u32 chunksize; /* in 512byte sectors */
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ struct misc_dev_info {
#define MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL 512 /* support write journal */
#define MD_FEATURE_PPL 1024 /* support PPL */
#define MD_FEATURE_MUTLIPLE_PPLS 2048 /* support for multiple PPLs */
+#define MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT 4096 /* layout is meaninful in RAID0 */
#define MD_FEATURE_ALL (MD_FEATURE_BITMAP_OFFSET \
|MD_FEATURE_RECOVERY_OFFSET \
|MD_FEATURE_RESHAPE_ACTIVE \
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ struct misc_dev_info {
|MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL \
|MD_FEATURE_PPL \
|MD_FEATURE_MULTIPLE_PPLS \
+ |MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT \
)
static int role_from_sb(struct mdp_superblock_1 *sb)
@@ -498,6 +500,11 @@ static void examine_super1(struct supertype *st, char *homehost)
printf(" Events : %llu\n",
(unsigned long long)__le64_to_cpu(sb->events));
printf("\n");
+ if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 0 &&
+ (sb->feature_map & __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT))) {
+ c = map_num(r0layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
+ printf(" Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
+ }
if (__le32_to_cpu(sb->level) == 5) {
c = map_num(r5layout, __le32_to_cpu(sb->layout));
printf(" Layout : %s\n", c?c:"-unknown-");
@@ -1646,6 +1653,7 @@ struct devinfo {
int fd;
char *devname;
long long data_offset;
+ unsigned long long dev_size;
mdu_disk_info_t disk;
struct devinfo *next;
};
@@ -1687,6 +1695,7 @@ static int add_to_super1(struct supertype *st, mdu_disk_info_t *dk,
di->devname = devname;
di->disk = *dk;
di->data_offset = data_offset;
+ get_dev_size(fd, NULL, &di->dev_size);
di->next = NULL;
*dip = di;
@@ -1888,10 +1897,25 @@ static int write_init_super1(struct supertype *st)
unsigned long long sb_offset;
unsigned long long data_offset;
long bm_offset;
+ int raid0_need_layout = 0;
for (di = st->info; di; di = di->next) {
if (di->disk.state & (1 << MD_DISK_JOURNAL))
sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_JOURNAL);
+ if (sb->level == 0 && sb->layout != 0) {
+ struct devinfo *di2 = st->info;
+ unsigned long long s1, s2;
+ s1 = di->dev_size;
+ if (di->data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS)
+ s1 -= di->data_offset;
+ s1 /= __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize);
+ s2 = di2->dev_size;
+ if (di2->data_offset != INVALID_SECTORS)
+ s2 -= di2->data_offset;
+ s2 /= __le32_to_cpu(sb->chunksize);
+ if (s1 != s2)
+ raid0_need_layout = 1;
+ }
}
for (di = st->info; di; di = di->next) {
@@ -2039,6 +2063,10 @@ static int write_init_super1(struct supertype *st)
sb->bblog_offset = 0;
}
+ /* RAID0 needs a layout if devices aren't all the same size */
+ if (raid0_need_layout)
+ sb->feature_map |= __cpu_to_le32(MD_FEATURE_RAID0_LAYOUT);
+
sb->sb_csum = calc_sb_1_csum(sb);
rv = store_super1(st, di->fd);
