All, thanks in advance...particularly Neil. My raid5 setup has 4 partitions, 2 of which are showing up as spare and 2 as active. The mdadm --assemble --force gives me the following error: 2 active devices and 2 spare cannot start device it is a raid 5, with superblock 1.2, 4 devices in the order sda1, sdb5, sdc5, sdd5. I have lvm2 on top of this with other devices ...so as you all know data is irreplaceable blah blah. I know that this device has not been written to for a while, so the data can be considered intact (hopefully all) if I can get the device to start up...but I'm not sure of the best way to coax the kernel to assemble it. Relevant information follows: === This device is working fine === mdadm --examine -e1.2 /dev/sdb5 /dev/sdb5: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 1.2 Feature Map : 0x1 Array UUID : 42c56ea0:2484f566:387adc6c:b3f6a014 Name : GATEWAY:127 (local to host GATEWAY) Creation Time : Sat Aug 22 09:44:21 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Raid Devices : 4 Avail Dev Size : 586099060 (279.47 GiB 300.08 GB) Array Size : 1758296832 (838.42 GiB 900.25 GB) Used Dev Size : 586098944 (279.47 GiB 300.08 GB) Data Offset : 272 sectors Super Offset : 8 sectors State : clean Device UUID : f8ebb9f8:b447f894:d8b0b59f:ca8e98eb Internal Bitmap : 2 sectors from superblock Update Time : Fri Mar 19 00:56:15 2010 Checksum : 1005cfbc - correct Events : 3796145 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Device Role : Active device 2 Array State : .AA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing) === This device is marked spare, can be marked active (IMHO) === mdadm --examine -e1.2 /dev/sdd5 /dev/sdd5: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 1.2 Feature Map : 0x1 Array UUID : 42c56ea0:2484f566:387adc6c:b3f6a014 Name : GATEWAY:127 (local to host GATEWAY) Creation Time : Sat Aug 22 09:44:21 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Raid Devices : 4 Avail Dev Size : 586099060 (279.47 GiB 300.08 GB) Array Size : 1758296832 (838.42 GiB 900.25 GB) Used Dev Size : 586098944 (279.47 GiB 300.08 GB) Data Offset : 272 sectors Super Offset : 8 sectors State : clean Device UUID : 763a832f:1a9a7ea8:ce90d4a3:32e8ae54 Internal Bitmap : 2 sectors from superblock Update Time : Fri Mar 19 00:56:15 2010 Checksum : c78aab46 - correct Events : 3796145 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Device Role : spare Array State : .AA. ('A' == active, '.' == missing) === This is the completely failed device (needs replacement) === mdadm --examine -e1.2 /dev/sda1 [HANGS!!] I already have the replacement drive available as sde5 but want to be able to reconstruct as much as possible) Thanks again, Anshuman Aggarwal-- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-raid" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html