Problem solved, thank you for your help. I use a custom program for creating a hardened encryption key, wherein I need to fill in a bunch of information, including two repetition values. These are used to cycle over the binary key rehashing it N times. Prior to this Ubuntu upgrade, it would generate the key in about 15 seconds, after the upgrade about 1 minute. Because of this slowness, I thought I had set the repetition values too high, and ended up reverting to the repetitions I used on my previous computer from a few years ago. I had been Ctrl+C'ing out of my key generating program because it had seemed broken. I actually sat and waited for it today, and it worked fine. Phew! The filesystem had been unmounted when I had the RAID issue, so the data is intact. I figured out why three of the disks had higher events after the shutdown as well: My disks go into standby mode fairly quickly when not in use, and some of the disks take a long time to wake up (~10 seconds), while others are much quicker (~4 seconds). When Ubuntu was shutting down the system, the 3 slower disks didn't get woken up before the reboot finished, so they were slightly behind. I also solved why my event count was in the millions, which is because I was running this command for realtime monitoring: # watch -n 1 'mdadm --verbose --verbose --detail --scan /dev/md13|tail -n 23' This mdadm command would repeat every second, and it would update the event count by 2 each time. I hadn't realised that this way of monitoring the disks would alter the array in any way. Now I'm off to rebuild the 2 missing disks, and then build a new array on another computer for backups. - S.A. -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-raid" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html