On 23/01/14 16:33, Nikos Chantziaras wrote: >[...] > Isn't PA supposed to use 0db on the hardware by itself? Or rather, control the hardware volume when I move the volume slider of the hardware output in pavucontrol? Moving that slider does nothing to the hardware volume, and PA seems to apply software attenuation to the volume. In alsamixer, my hardware volumes are named like this: Master Front, Master Rear, Master Center, Master Woofer and Master Side. (The ALSA driver I'm using is "snd-virtuoso" with kernel 3.10.27.) Each of those controls the volume of the corresponding jack on the back of the card. There are jacks for front, rear, center, woofer and side speakers. It would appear that PA is unable to control any of those mixer controls.