In my test environment, I have a card with two subdevices. It lists as follows using 'aplay -l': card 0: DJ [Audio 4 DJ], device 0: Audio 4 DJ [Audio 4 DJ] Subdevices: 1/2 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 Subdevice #1: subdevice #1 pulseaudio, however, is only aware of the first subdevice. This is the only ALSA sink 'pulseaudio -v' tells me about on startup: : sink.c: Created sink 0 "alsa_output.0" with sample spec s24be 2ch 44100Hz and channel map front-left,front-right I: sink.c: alsa.resolution_bits = "24" I: sink.c: device.api = "alsa" I: sink.c: device.class = "sound" I: sink.c: alsa.class = "generic" I: sink.c: alsa.subclass = "generic-mix" I: sink.c: alsa.name = "Audio 4 DJ" I: sink.c: alsa.id = "Audio 4 DJ" I: sink.c: alsa.subdevice = "0" I: sink.c: alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0" I: sink.c: alsa.device = "0" I: sink.c: alsa.card = "0" I: sink.c: alsa.card_name = "Audio 4 DJ" I: sink.c: alsa.long_card_name = "Native Instruments Audio 4 DJ (serial SN-XXXXXXXXXXXXX, usb-0000:00:02.1-2)" I: sink.c: device.string = "hw:0" I: sink.c: device.buffering.buffer_size = "131070" I: sink.c: device.buffering.fragment_size = "131070" I: sink.c: device.access_mode = "mmap+timer" I: sink.c: device.profile.name = "analog-stereo" I: sink.c: device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo" I: sink.c: device.description = "Audio 4 DJ" I: sink.c: device.icon_name = "audio-card-analog" Connecting multiple cards of the same kind works well, though Sorry if that has been dicussed before, I could find any hint in the archives. Thanks, Daniel