I agree with Pierre's opinion. One embedded environment, the audio is more complicated than Desktop PC. Because there will be DSP, and there is more audio devices. DSP can be a pure channel for handling compressed streams, and audio data just bypass PulseAudio & ALSA. For power saving and performance issue, DSP solution seems to be a trend for high level handheld device. Is it possible to add "virtual stream" concept in PulseAudio? Although the real data does not pass through it, PulseAudio can still be responsible for all kinds of audio stream control. Maybe this is a new challenge or direction for PulseAudio. Afaik, PulseAudio is mainly target for Desktop, but the embedded area should not be ignored. tiege