There is an existing form where a user is asked if they would like to receive emails alerts and presently it is a radio button and it has 2 options Yes & No. By default Yes is selected. So in this case the data is captured. Now we would like to change this where the same radio buttons would appear however none of them would be checked by default, so its upto the user to select Yes or No. In this case if the radio buttons are left blank then an error occurs from the php file. I have a code to check if the radio button was unchecked so that there would be no errors. the code is = $receiveemails = empty($_POST['receiveemails']); if($receiveemails) $receiveemails = "Blank checkbox"; else $receiveemails = $_POST["receiveemails"]; As of now the way the code is written is as follows which was written by another person which is = insert into table(a,b,c) values($a,$b,%s, %s) GetSQLValueString($_POST['specialOffers'], "text"), MY QUESTION IS 1. what is %s in the insert statement actually doing 2. what is GetSQLValueString($_POST['specialOffers'], "text") code actually doing Please advice a) what this code is doing as if i implement my code this might have a drastic impact on how data is inserted into the table in mysql. As the "specialOffers" appears in lot many places in the php file. b) what i can do with the existing code so that Even if a user does not select the radio button data should still be inserted into the table. Even with a checkbox if it is left blank the same error happens just like radio button. Any help will be greatly appreciated.