I would also like to hear suggestions on how to fix this mess: $r = funcA ( funcB ( funcC ( $p ) ) ); if funcB() / funcC() fails, how would you fudge/abort the calling function in the chain? One may think that funcA and funcB just check their parameters list for being "error" arrays, but the problem i foresee is that depending on the context of the $r= call, desired behaviour may vary at any stage in the funcA -> funcB -> funcC chain. -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php