I try to avoid the use of hidden form elements as much as possible, especially for tracking whether a user has submitted a form or not... I use name="submit" for the submit button instead, that will pass the value of the submit button to the action script. above all i use a template engine, smarty to take care of the presentation for me(like deciding whether to show the form and/or a success/failure message) -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php