Associative array issues with loading values after initialization

[Thomas Bolioli <tpblists@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

The below function is not working.
function crm_get_country_list(){
global $dbh;
   $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM countries ORDER BY 
pk_country_id ASC", $dbh) or die(mysql_error());
   $country_list = array(' ' =>' ');
   while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)){
       $country_list[$row['pk_countryID']] = $row['country_name'];
   }
return $country_list;
}

I know how to write this in perl but for some reason, when I write it in 
PHP it doesn't work.
In perl it would be (roughly):

function crm_get_country_list(){
global $dbh;
   $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM countries ORDER BY 
pk_country_id ASC", $dbh) or die(mysql_error());
   my %country_list;
   while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)){
       $country_list[$row['pk_countryID']] = $row['country_name'];
   }
return \%country_list;
}

What am I doing wrong here?
Thanks in advance,
Tom

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