> > its mysterious statements like this that make code fragile, > > imho. i prefer the modulus approach. > > I would have agreed before reading the clarification. Not so sure > now... > > At the risk of semantic nitpicking, and only because I find this > discussion stimulating (pity us poor geeks), I might call "($r=!$r)" > esoteric rather than mysterious, even though I'm the one who asked > the question, suggesting it was a mystery to me. That's why I use: $toggle = !$toggle; or $toggleNameOfWhatIsBeingToggled = !$toggleNameOfWhatIsBeingToggled; _________________________________________________________________ Peek-a-boo FREE Tricks & Treats for You! http://www.reallivemoms.com?ocid=TXT_TAGHM&loc=us