[snip] BUT, also from documentation on http://us2.php.net/include/ it looks like your example might not hold any water either. "Be warned that parse error in required file doesn't cause processing halting." Based on that it appears that introducing the parse error in foo2.php doesn't prove that the file wasn't included. So, how do we actually prove this one way or the other? I guess we could just like at the underlying C code. Any takers? [/snip] Actually, it does prove it. If there is a syntax error in the included file and the include file is loaded into the calling file you will get a syntax error. Since no syntax error is reported it pretty much shows that the file was not included when the case wasn't called. -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php