Hello Laurenz,
Thank you for your very thorough walk through the 'ecpg use' of threads with respect to the sqlca. It was very clear and specific. I reproduced what you did almost exactly as you have done and I could then also play around with things to see what happens 'if'... I have learned much about threads and ecpg, which I'm sure will be very helpful. Also I'm afraid I have to agree with you that it must be a mudflap flop ;-) ... unfortunately, because now I'm then back to the real problem in the larger program and how to track that error.
I'm pleased that it wasn't an ecpg bug, and I know now not to use mudflap for tracking my problem.
Thanks for your big effort on this,
Leif
----- "Albe Laurenz" <laurenz.albe@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> lj@xxxxxxxxxxx wrote:
> > I have been trying to figure this thing out myself too,
> > breakpointing and single stepping my way through some of the
> > ecpg code, but without much clarification. (More that I
> > learned new things about pthread). I have been trying to
> > figure out whether this is a real thing or more a mudflapth
> > "mis-judgement". Also on most (the faster ones) machines
> > mudflap complains either about "invalid pointer in free()" or
> > "double free() or corruption". I haven't been able to verify
> > this yet. Specifically on one (slower) machine, I have only
> > seen this mudflapth complaint once, though I have been both
> > running and debugging it on that many times.
> >
> > Are you sure what you suggest is nonsense ? In the light
> > of the sqlca struct being "local" to each thread ? I tried to
> > put the open and close connection within the thread, but I
> > was still able to get the mudflap complaint. Theoretically, I
> > guess one could use just 1 connection for all db access in
> > all threads just having them enclosed within
> > pthread_mutex_[un]lock()s !? (Not what I do, though.)
>
> The sqlca is local to each thread, but that should not be a problem.
> On closer scrutiny of the source, it works like this:
>
> Whenever a thread performs an SQL operation, it will allocate
> an sqlca in its thread-specific data area (TSD) in the ECPG function
> ECPGget_sqlca(). When the thread exits or is cancelled, the
> sqlca is freed by pthread by calling the ECPG function
> ecpg_sqlca_key_destructor(). pthread makes sure that each
> destructor function is only called once per thread.
>
> So when several threads use a connection, there will be
> several sqlca's around, but that should not matter as they get
> freed when the thread exits.
>
> After some experiments, I would say that mudflap's complaint
> is a mistake.
>
> I've compiled your program against a debug-enabled PostgreSQL 8.4.0
> with
>
> $ ecpg crashex
>
> $ gcc -Wall -O0 -g -o crashex crashex.c -I
> /magwien/postgres-8.4.0/include \
> -L/magwien/postgres-8.4.0/lib -lecpg
> -Wl,-rpath,/magwien/postgres-8.4.0/lib
>
> and run a gdb session:
>
> $ gdb
> GNU gdb Red Hat Linux (6.3.0.0-1.138.el3rh)
> Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
> GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and
> you are
> welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain
> conditions.
> Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
> There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for
> details.
> This GDB was configured as "i386-redhat-linux-gnu".
>
> Set the program to be debugged:
>
> (gdb) file crashex
> Reading symbols from /home/laurenz/ecpg/crashex...done.
> Using host libthread_db library "/lib/tls/libthread_db.so.1".
>
> This is where the source of libecpg is:
>
> (gdb) dir
> /home/laurenz/rpmbuild/BUILD/postgresql-8.4.0/src/interfaces/ecpg/ecpglib
> Source directories searched:
> /home/laurenz/rpmbuild/BUILD/postgresql-8.4.0/src/interfaces/ecpg/ecpglib:$cdir:$cwd
>
> Start the program (main thread):
>
> (gdb) break main
> Breakpoint 1 at 0x804892c: file crashex.pgc, line 54.
> (gdb) run
> Starting program: /home/laurenz/ecpg/crashex
> [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
> [New Thread -1218572160 (LWP 29290)]
> [Switching to Thread -1218572160 (LWP 29290)]
>
> Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1, argv=0xbfffce44) at crashex.pgc:54
> 54 PerformTask( 25 );
> (gdb) delete
> Delete all breakpoints? (y or n) y
>
> Set breakpoint #2 in the function where sqlca is freed:
>
> (gdb) break ecpg_sqlca_key_destructor
> Breakpoint 2 at 0x457a27: file misc.c, line 124.
> (gdb) list misc.c:124
> 119
> 120 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY
> 121 static void
> 122 ecpg_sqlca_key_destructor(void *arg)
> 123 {
> 124 free(arg); /* sqlca structure allocated in ECPGget_sqlca */
> 125 }
> 126
> 127 static void
> 128 ecpg_sqlca_key_init(void)
>
> Set breakpoint #3 where a new sqlca is allocated in
> ECPGget_sqlca():
>
> (gdb) break misc.c:147
> Breakpoint 3 at 0x457ad2: file misc.c, line 147.
> (gdb) list misc.c:134,misc.c:149
> 134 struct sqlca_t *
> 135 ECPGget_sqlca(void)
> 136 {
> 137 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY
> 138 struct sqlca_t *sqlca;
> 139
> 140 pthread_once(&sqlca_key_once, ecpg_sqlca_key_init);
> 141
> 142 sqlca = pthread_getspecific(sqlca_key);
> 143 if (sqlca == NULL)
> 144 {
> 145 sqlca = malloc(sizeof(struct sqlca_t));
> 146 ecpg_init_sqlca(sqlca);
> 147 pthread_setspecific(sqlca_key, sqlca);
> 148 }
> 149 return (sqlca);
> (gdb) cont
> Continuing.
>
> Breakpoint #3 is hit when the main thread allocates an sqlca during
> connect:
>
> Breakpoint 3, ECPGget_sqlca () at misc.c:147
> 147 pthread_setspecific(sqlca_key, sqlca);
> (gdb) where
> #0 ECPGget_sqlca () at misc.c:147
> #1 0x00456d57 in ECPGconnect (lineno=41, c=0, name=0x9bf2008
> "test@localhost:1238",
> user=0x8048a31 "laureny", passwd=0x0, connection_name=0x8048a14
> "dbConn", autocommit=0)
> at connect.c:270
> #2 0x080488a3 in PerformTask (TaskId=25) at crashex.pgc:41
> #3 0x08048936 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfffce44) at crashex.pgc:54
>
> This is the address of the main thread's sqlca:
>
> (gdb) print sqlca
> $1 = (struct sqlca_t *) 0x9bf2028
> (gdb) cont
> Continuing.
> [New Thread 27225008 (LWP 29343)]
> [Switching to Thread 27225008 (LWP 29343)]
>
> Breakpoint #3 is hit again when the new thread allocates its sqlca
> when it executes the SELECT statement:
>
> Breakpoint 3, ECPGget_sqlca () at misc.c:147
> 147 pthread_setspecific(sqlca_key, sqlca);
> (gdb) where
> #0 ECPGget_sqlca () at misc.c:147
> #1 0x004579aa in ecpg_init (con=0x0, connection_name=0x8048a14
> "dbConn", lineno=22) at misc.c:107
> #2 0x00451a97 in ECPGdo (lineno=22, compat=0, force_indicator=1,
> connection_name=0x8048a14 "dbConn", questionmarks=0 '\0', st=0,
> query=0x8048a1b "select 2 + 2")
> at execute.c:1470
> #3 0x080487f7 in Work () at crashex.pgc:22
> #4 0x00c8cdd8 in start_thread () from /lib/tls/libpthread.so.0
> #5 0x003e5fca in clone () from /lib/tls/libc.so.6
>
> This is the address of the new thread's sqlca:
>
> (gdb) print sqlca
> $2 = (struct sqlca_t *) 0x9c16ee8
> (gdb) cont
> Continuing.
> 2+2=0.
>
> Breakpoint #2 is hit when the new thread is canceled:
>
> Breakpoint 2, ecpg_sqlca_key_destructor (arg=0x9c16ee8) at misc.c:124
> 124 free(arg); /* sqlca structure allocated in ECPGget_sqlca */
> (gdb) where
> #0 ecpg_sqlca_key_destructor (arg=0x9c16ee8) at misc.c:124
> #1 0x00c8d799 in deallocate_tsd () from /lib/tls/libpthread.so.0
> #2 0x00c8cde6 in start_thread () from /lib/tls/libpthread.so.0
> #3 0x003e5fca in clone () from /lib/tls/libc.so.6
>
> The freed pointer is the sqlca of the new thread:
>
> (gdb) print arg
> $3 = (void *) 0x9c16ee8
>
> And the program terminates with no problems.
>
> (gdb) cont
> Continuing.
> [Thread 27225008 (zombie) exited]
>
> Program exited normally.
> (gdb) quit
>
>
> This all looks just like it should, doesn't it?
>
> Yours,
> Laurenz Albe
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