On Aug 11, 5:21 am, gn...@xxxxxxx (Ragnar) wrote: > no these 2 are not fuctionally identical, because the second one > does not have a NOT NULL constraint on the foreign keys, > allowing you to insert: > INSERT INTO sales (saleid,userid,parent_saleid) > VALUES (100,null,100); > OK thank you. Besides the not null, are they otherwise identical? The first statement is from a graphical db model tool I want to use, the second is from my own handwritten sql. I want to see if it's essentially the same. thanks. ---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- TIP 3: Have you checked our extensive FAQ? http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq