Hi, I am trying currently trying to setup our new database sever, we have upgraded to PostgreSQL 8.1.8. When I try to restore the backup (which is stored as a set of SQL statements that my restore script feeds into PSQL to execute) it returns the following error. psql:/mnt/tmp/app/application_data.sql:97425: ERROR: invalid byte sequence for encoding "UTF8": 0xff HINT: This error can also happen if the byte sequence does not match the encoding expected by the server, which is controlled by "client_encoding". along other byte sequences eg: 0xa1, 0xac, the two remaining schemas are roughly 22GB and 66GB in size and is read into postgres from flat cobol datafiles. our data has progressed as displayed below PostgreSQL 7.?.? Stored in SQL-ASCII (Old configuration) PostgreSQL 8.1.3 Stored in UTF8 (current conguration) PostgreSQL 8.1.8 Stored in UTF8 (our future configuration) The encoding type set on the server was changed to UTF8 from SQL-ASCII after we moved to version 8.1.3 for purposes of globalisation. I've searched the forums and found people with similar problems but not much on a way to remedy it. I did try using iconv which was suggested in a thread but it returned an error saying even the 22GB file was too large to work on. any help would be gratfully appreciated. Many Thanks David P