I have where clause where all fields are CHAR(10) type and may have trailing spaces. SELECT ... FROM r1, r2 WHERE r1.c1 || r1.c2 || r1.c3 >= r2.c1 || r2.c2 || r2.c3; This WHERE clause produces wrong result since || operator removes trailing spaces. Correct result is produced if || operator does not remove trailing spaces. How to concat strings in this expression so that trailing spaces are significiant or how to re-write this join condition so that trailing spaces are used for comparison? Andrus.