On 2006-01-04, Emi Lu <emilu@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > In postgreSQL, the default value for timestamp is "without time zone". That's true only because the SQL standard says so, not because it's actually a good idea to use timestamps without time zone. > Can I say when data is used among diff time zones, timestamp with time > zone is a MUST; otherwise, timestamp without time zone is used? No. You should, IMO, use timestamp with time zone in essentially all cases. (In particular, you should _always_ use it for recording the time at which an event happened, which covers most uses of timestamps.) Only use timestamp without time zone for data storage if you have a specific reason to do so. -- Andrew, Supernews http://www.supernews.com - individual and corporate NNTP services