On Fri, 2024-06-14 at 22:08 +0200, Karsten Hilbert wrote: > Are collations per-database or per-cluster objects ? Each database has its own "pg_collation" catalog table. So they are local to the database, but the collations themselves are defined by an external library, so the implementation is shared. > I am asking because I seem to not be enabled to > > 3) update collation version information in pg_collations for > collations intended for an encoding different from the > database encoding (ALTER COLLATION ... REFRESH VERSION fails) > > which in effect would mean that -- upon change of collation > versions in the underlying operating system (ICU update, libc > update) -- one would have to live with outdated version > information in pg_collations short of dump/sed/restore or > some such ? That should not happen. What error do you get when you ALTER COLLATION ... REFRESH VERSION Does the following give you the same error? ALTER DATABASE ... REFRESH COLLATION VERSION Yours, Laurenz Albe