I'm trying to upgrade from PostgreSQL 10 to 12 and I need to compile all my manually created C extension functions against PostrgreSQL 12 before starting the upgrade process. I have this Makefile that compiles perfectly the seal_diff_cpp.cpp C extension function against PostgreSQL 10: MODULES = seal_diff_cpp PG_CONFIG = /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_config PGXS = $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --pgxs) INCLUDEDIR = $(shell $(PG_CONFIG) --includedir-server) INCLUDE_SEAL = /usr/local/include INCLUDE_SEAL_LIB = /usr/local/lib INCLUDE_CPPCODEC = /usr/local/include/cppcodec CXX = g++ CXXFLAGS = -std=c++17 -fPIC -Wall -Werror -g -O0 -pthread \ -I$(INCLUDEDIR) -I$(INCLUDE_SEAL) -I$(INCLUDE_CPPCODEC) SEAL_LDFLAGS = -L$(INCLUDE_SEAL_LIB) -lseal -pthread include $(PGXS) seal_diff_cpp.so: seal_diff_cpp.o # $(CXX) -Wl,--no-undefined -shared -o seal_diff_cpp.so seal_diff_cpp.o $(LDFLAGS) $(SEAL_LDFLAGS) $(CXX) -shared -o seal_diff_cpp.so seal_diff_cpp.o $(LDFLAGS) $(SEAL_LDFLAGS) seal_diff_cpp.o: seal_diff_cpp.cpp $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o seal_diff_cpp.o -c seal_diff_cpp.cpp When I execute it the output looks like this: g++ -std=c++17 -fPIC -Wall -Werror -g -O0 -pthread -I/usr/pgsql-10/include/server -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/cppcodec -o seal_diff_cpp.o -c seal_diff_cpp.cpp g++ -shared -o seal_diff_cpp.so seal_diff_cpp.o -L/usr/pgsql-10/lib -L/usr/lib64 -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/usr/pgsql-10/lib',--enable-new-dtags -L/usr/local/lib -lseal -pthread And the seal_diff_cpp.so gets created without any problems. But when I use PG_CONFIG = /usr/pgsql-12/bin/pg_config I get: g++ -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -o seal_diff_cpp.o -c seal_diff_cpp.cpp seal_diff_cpp.cpp:2:10: fatal error: postgres.h: No such file or directory 2 | #include <postgres.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. make: *** [Makefile:19: seal_diff_cpp.o] Error 1 The Makefile has all the needed information to compile the seal_diff_cpp.so against PostgreSQL 12: /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_config --pgxs ---> /usr/pgsql-10/lib/pgxs/src/makefiles/pgxs.mk /usr/pgsql-12/bin/pg_config --pgxs ---> /usr/pgsql-12/lib/pgxs/src/makefiles/pgxs.mk /usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_config --includedir-server ---> /usr/pgsql-10/include/server /usr/pgsql-12/bin/pg_config --includedir-server ---> /usr/pgsql-12/include/server (postgres.h is there) I can't understand why it doesn't work. TalGloz -- Sent from: https://www.postgresql-archive.org/PostgreSQL-general-f1843780.html