senor <frio_cervesa@xxxxxxxxxxx> writes: > Since pg_upgrade is in control of how it is calling pg_dump, is there a reason pg_upgrade cannot use the directory output format when calling pg_dump? Is the schema-only operation incompatible? Well, there's no point in it. pg_dump can only parallelize data dumping, and there's none to be done in the --schema-only case that pg_upgrade uses. Also, since pg_upgrade *does* use parallelism across multiple pg_dump calls (if you've got multiple databases in the cluster), it'd be a bit problematic to have another layer of parallelism below that, if it did indeed do anything. You don't want "--jobs=10" to suddenly turn into 100 sessions. regards, tom lane