EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS) SELECT count(*) FROM ids WHERE id IN :values_clause;ALTER TABLE ids ALTER COLUMN id SET NOT NULL;
Aggregate (cost=245006.46..245006.47 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=3824.095..3824.095 rows=1 loops=1)
Buffers: shared hit=44248
-> Hash Join (cost=7.50..235006.42 rows=4000019 width=0) (actual time=1.108..3327.112 rows=3998646 loops=1)
...
You haven't constrained the outer relation (i.e., :values_clause) to be non-null which is what I believe is required for the semi-join algorithm to be considered.
David J.