Hi Joseph > but What happens > if I only want to select a couple of fields. Then you tell the server which fields you want to select;-) SELECT field1, field2, ... , fieldn FROM table ... > how do you select from a table that is not all lower case what do you mean? what is not all lower case? PostgreSQL returns the contents of the fields as they are. If you need the results to be in lower case use SELECT lower(fieldx), lower(field2),... FROM table respectively SELECT upper(field1), upper(field2), ... FROM table. See chapter 4.4 of the PostgreSQL user's Guide for more. The PHP-Functions to change case are strtoupper() and strtolower(). Hope it helps Regards Conni