Hi, For a traditional LEFT JOIN, in case the SELECT does not mention a field from a joined table being unique , the planner removes the join. Eg: SELECT a, b --,c FROM table1 LEFT JOIN (select a, c from table2 group by a) joined USING (a) However this behavior is not the same for LATERAL JOINS SELECT a, b --,c FROM table1 LEFT JOIN LATERAL (select a, c from table2 where table1.a = table2.a group by a) joined ON TRUE In this case, the planner still consider the joined table. My guess is it could remove it . Any thought ? -- nicolas