Function scan/Index scan to nested loop

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Hello all,

A query ran twice in succession performs VERY poorly the first time as it iterates through the nested loop. The second time, it rips. Please see SQL, SLOW PLAN and FAST PLAN below.

I don't know why these nested loops are taking so long to execute.
" -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42866.98 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=126.354..26301.027 rows=9613 loops=1)" " -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42150.37 rows=122 width=18) (actual time=117.369..15349.533 rows=13247 loops=1)"

The loop members appear to be finished quickly. I suspect that the results for the function aren't really as fast as reported, and are actually taking much longer to comeplete returning results. " -> Function Scan on zips_in_mile_range (cost=0.00..52.50 rows=67 width=40) (actual time=104.196..104.417 rows=155 loops=1)"
"                    Filter: (zip > ''::text)"

Is this possible? I can't see what other delay there could be.

The second time the query runs, the loops are fast:
" -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42866.98 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=97.073..266.826 rows=9613 loops=1)" " -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42150.37 rows=122 width=18) (actual time=97.058..150.172 rows=13247 loops=1)"

Since it is fast the second time, I wonder if this is related at all to the function being IMMUTABLE? (Even though it's IMMUTABLE it reads a very static table)

This DB is a copy of another DB, on the same server host, same drive but different tablespace. The original query has good performance, and is hit often by the live web server. With the copy - which performs poorly - the query is hit infrequently.

Is there any evidence for why the nested loop is slow?

Code and plans follow - regards and thanks!

Carlo

SQL:
select
     pp.provider_practice_id,
     p.provider_id,
     distance,
     pp.is_principal,
     p.provider_id as sort_order
  from mdx_core.provider as p
  join mdx_core.provider_practice as pp
  on pp.provider_id = p.provider_id
  join (select * from mdx_core.zips_in_mile_range('75203', 15::numeric)
where zip > '') as nearby
  on nearby.zip = substr(pp.default_postal_code, 1, 5)
  where
     pp.default_country_code = 'US'
     and p.provider_status_code = 'A' and p.is_visible = 'Y'
     and pp.is_principal = 'Y'
     and coalesce(pp.record_status, 'A') = 'A'
  order by sort_order, distance

SLOW PLAN:
"Sort (cost=42869.40..42869.59 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=26316.495..26322.102 rows=9613 loops=1)"
"  Sort Key: p.provider_id, zips_in_mile_range.distance"
"  Sort Method:  quicksort  Memory: 1136kB"
" -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42866.98 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=126.354..26301.027 rows=9613 loops=1)" " -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42150.37 rows=122 width=18) (actual time=117.369..15349.533 rows=13247 loops=1)" " -> Function Scan on zips_in_mile_range (cost=0.00..52.50 rows=67 width=40) (actual time=104.196..104.417 rows=155 loops=1)"
"                    Filter: (zip > ''::text)"
" -> Index Scan using provider_practice_default_base_zip_country_idx on provider_practice pp (cost=0.00..628.30 rows=2 width=19) (actual time=1.205..98.231 rows=85 loops=155)" " Index Cond: ((pp.default_country_code = 'US'::bpchar) AND (substr((pp.default_postal_code)::text, 1, 5) = zips_in_mile_range.zip) AND (pp.is_principal = 'Y'::bpchar))" " Filter: (COALESCE(pp.record_status, 'A'::bpchar) = 'A'::bpchar)" " -> Index Scan using provider_provider_id_provider_status_code_idx on provider p (cost=0.00..5.86 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.823..0.824 rows=1 loops=13247)" " Index Cond: ((p.provider_id = pp.provider_id) AND (p.provider_status_code = 'A'::bpchar))"
"              Filter: (p.is_visible = 'Y'::bpchar)"
"Total runtime: 26327.329 ms"

FAST PLAN:
"Sort (cost=42869.40..42869.59 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=278.722..284.326 rows=9613 loops=1)"
"  Sort Key: p.provider_id, zips_in_mile_range.distance"
"  Sort Method:  quicksort  Memory: 1136kB"
" -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42866.98 rows=77 width=18) (actual time=97.073..266.826 rows=9613 loops=1)" " -> Nested Loop (cost=0.00..42150.37 rows=122 width=18) (actual time=97.058..150.172 rows=13247 loops=1)" " -> Function Scan on zips_in_mile_range (cost=0.00..52.50 rows=67 width=40) (actual time=97.013..97.161 rows=155 loops=1)"
"                    Filter: (zip > ''::text)"
" -> Index Scan using provider_practice_default_base_zip_country_idx on provider_practice pp (cost=0.00..628.30 rows=2 width=19) (actual time=0.017..0.236 rows=85 loops=155)" " Index Cond: ((pp.default_country_code = 'US'::bpchar) AND (substr((pp.default_postal_code)::text, 1, 5) = zips_in_mile_range.zip) AND (pp.is_principal = 'Y'::bpchar))" " Filter: (COALESCE(pp.record_status, 'A'::bpchar) = 'A'::bpchar)" " -> Index Scan using provider_provider_id_provider_status_code_idx on provider p (cost=0.00..5.86 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.006..0.007 rows=1 loops=13247)" " Index Cond: ((p.provider_id = pp.provider_id) AND (p.provider_status_code = 'A'::bpchar))"
"              Filter: (p.is_visible = 'Y'::bpchar)"
"Total runtime: 289.582 ms"


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