I changed the query to : EXPLAIN ANALYZE select id from wd_urlusermaps where id in (select id from wd_urlusermaps where share =1 and userid='219177') order by id desc limit 20; and it's much better now (from real execute time), but the cost report higher then slower one above, may be I should do some tunning on planner parameter or is it a planner bug? QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit (cost=16118.83..16118.88 rows=20 width=4) (actual time=17.539..17.619 rows=20 loops=1) -> Sort (cost=16118.83..16121.57 rows=1094 width=4) (actual time=17.534..17.560 rows=20 loops=1) Sort Key: public.wd_urlusermaps.id -> Nested Loop (cost=6753.28..16063.61 rows=1094 width=4) (actual time=16.739..17.439 rows=41 loops=1) -> HashAggregate (cost=6753.28..6764.22 rows=1094 width=4) (actual time=16.707..16.786 rows=41 loops=1) -> Index Scan using urlusermaps_userid on wd_urlusermaps (cost=0.00..6750.55 rows=1094 width=4) (actual time=1.478..16.563 rows=41 loops=1) Index Cond: (userid = 219177) Filter: ("share" = 1) -> Index Scan using wd_urlusermaps_pkey on wd_urlusermaps (cost=0.00..8.49 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.008..0.010 rows=1 loops=41) Index Cond: (public.wd_urlusermaps.id = public.wd_urlusermaps.id) Total runtime: 17.762 ms (11 rows) > sorry, forgot to mention our version, it's postgresql 8.2.3 > > -laser > >> I have a table: >> webdigest=# \d wd_urlusermaps >> 表 "public.wd_urlusermaps" >> 字段名 | 类型 | 修饰词 >> ---------+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------- >> id | integer | not null default nextval('wd_urlusermaps_id_seq'::regclass) >> urlid | integer | not null >> tag | character varying(512) | >> title | character varying(512) | >> summary | character varying(1024) | >> comment | character varying(1024) | >> ctime | timestamp without time zone | >> mtime | timestamp without time zone | >> share | smallint | >> userid | integer | >> import | smallint | default 0 >> 索引: >> "wd_urlusermaps_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) CLUSTER >> "urlusermaps_urlid_userid" UNIQUE, btree (urlid, userid) >> "urlusermaps_urlid" btree (urlid) >> "urlusermaps_userid" btree (userid) >> "wd_urlusermaps_ctime_idx" btree (ctime) >> "wd_urlusermaps_share_idx" btree ("share") >> >> and target statistic set to 1000, and two different query plan: >> >> webdigest=# explain analyze select A.id as >> fav_id,A.urlid,A.tag,A.title,A.summary,A.comment,A.ctime,A.share from >> wd_urlusermaps A where share =1 and A.userid='219177' ORDER BY A.id DESC >> limit 20 ; >> QUERY PLAN >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> Limit (cost=0.00..4932.56 rows=20 width=96) (actual >> time=730.461..2374.435 rows=20 loops=1) >> -> Index Scan Backward using wd_urlusermaps_pkey on wd_urlusermaps a >> (cost=0.00..269810.77 rows=1094 width=96) (actual time=730.456..2374.367 >> rows=20 loops=1) >> Filter: (("share" = 1) AND (userid = 219177)) >> Total runtime: 2374.513 ms >> (4 rows) >> >> webdigest=# explain analyze select A.id as >> fav_id,A.urlid,A.tag,A.title,A.summary,A.comment,A.ctime,A.share from >> wd_urlusermaps A where share =1 and A.userid='219177' ORDER BY A.id DESC >> limit 40 ; >> QUERY PLAN >> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> Limit (cost=6805.77..6805.87 rows=40 width=96) (actual time=5.731..5.905 >> rows=40 loops=1) >> -> Sort (cost=6805.77..6808.50 rows=1094 width=96) (actual >> time=5.726..5.785 rows=40 loops=1) >> Sort Key: id >> -> Index Scan using urlusermaps_userid on wd_urlusermaps a >> (cost=0.00..6750.55 rows=1094 width=96) (actual time=0.544..5.616 >> rows=41 loops=1) >> Index Cond: (userid = 219177) >> Filter: ("share" = 1) >> Total runtime: 6.013 ms >> (7 rows) >> >> the userid=219177 got 2000+ record and around 40 shared=1, why above 2 query >> shows so much difference? >> >> any hint would be greatly appreciated. >> >> -laser >> >> >> ---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- >> TIP 1: if posting/reading through Usenet, please send an appropriate >> subscribe-nomail command to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx so that your >> message can get through to the mailing list cleanly >> >> >> >> > > ---------------------------(end of broadcast)--------------------------- > TIP 5: don't forget to increase your free space map settings > > >