thank you for your reply. In SQL Server, the variant character selector is treated as one character with two characters. The collation order is Japanese_XJIS_140_CS_AS_KS_WS_VSS_UTF8. Moto. -----Original Message----- From: Tom Lane <tgl@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, March 29, 2022 7:26 PM To: Holger Jakobs <holger@xxxxxxxxxx> Cc: pgsql-admin@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; n2029@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: Re: About Unicode IVS Holger Jakobs <holger@xxxxxxxxxx> writes: > It's totally correct that the two characters are still two characters. > You would have to normalize the string first, so that the combination > becomes one character. Yeah. In principle the normalize() function ought to do this for you. But it doesn't seem to shorten the given example for me; I'm not sure if that means the example is incorrect, or if it's a bug in normalize(). u8=# select octet_length(U&'\+008FBA' || U&'\+0E0102'); octet_length -------------- 7 (1 row) u8=# select octet_length(normalize(U&'\+008FBA' || U&'\+0E0102')); octet_length -------------- 7 (1 row) regards, tom lane