Hello,
I am trying to setup a lab to Code a program with C++ (g++ (GCC) 11.2.0) and OpenSSL (OpenSSL 1.1.1m 14 Dec 2021) and Cygwin.
Below is my basic C++ skeleton to start with ...
#ifndef __TLS_HPP__
#define __TLS_HPP__
#include <memory>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <openssl/bio.h>
#include <openssl/buffer.h>
#include <openssl/conf.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/opensslconf.h>
#include <openssl/opensslv.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
namespace TLS {
class Tls {
public:
Tls();
~Tls();
private:
};
Tls::Tls()
{
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
SSL_library_init();
SSL_load_error_strings();
ERR_load_crypto_strings();
#endif
}
} // end-of namespace TLS
#endif
#include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
int main() {
return 0;
}
I can successfully compile this Code with the following command ..
$ g++ -O0 -std=c++11 -x c++ -lssl -lcrypto ./tls.hpp
But none of the commands below do show any linking with OpenSSL libraries ?
$ ldd ./a.exe
ntdll.dll => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/SYSTEM32/ntdll.dll (0x7ffd731d0000)
KERNEL32.DLL => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/System32/KERNEL32.DLL (0x7ffd71c20000)
KERNELBASE.dll => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/System32/KERNELBASE.dll (0x7ffd70bd0000)
cygwin1.dll => /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll (0x180040000)
cygstdc++-6.dll => /usr/bin/cygstdc++-6.dll (0x3fbeb0000)
cyggcc_s-seh-1.dll => /usr/bin/cyggcc_s-seh-1.dll (0x3fee10000)
$ objdump -x ./a.exe | grep 'DLL'
vma: Hint Time Forward DLL First
DLL Name: cygwin1.dll
DLL Name: cygstdc++-6.dll
DLL Name: KERNEL32.dll
$ nm ./a.exe | egrep -i 'ssl|crypt'
.. finally and just to be sure, my Cygwin env is enough to proceed like this, I made a try compiling Curl ... this one do correctly show the linking with both cygcrypto-1.1.dll and cygssl-1.1.dll ..
$ ldd /usr/bin/curl
ntdll.dll => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/SYSTEM32/ntdll.dll (0x7ffd731d0000)
KERNEL32.DLL => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/System32/KERNEL32.DLL (0x7ffd71c20000)
KERNELBASE.dll => /cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/System32/KERNELBASE.dll (0x7ffd70bd0000)
cygcurl-4.dll => /usr/bin/cygcurl-4.dll (0x3ff600000)
cygwin1.dll => /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll (0x180040000)
cygz.dll => /usr/bin/cygz.dll (0x3fb940000)
cygbrotlidec-1.dll => /usr/bin/cygbrotlidec-1.dll (0x3ffcd0000)
cygcrypto-1.1.dll => /usr/bin/cygcrypto-1.1.dll (0x3ff6b0000)
cyggsasl-7.dll => /usr/bin/cyggsasl-7.dll (0x3fe640000)
cyggssapi_krb5-2.dll => /usr/bin/cyggssapi_krb5-2.dll (0x3fe5f0000)
cygidn2-0.dll => /usr/bin/cygidn2-0.dll (0x3fe020000)
cyglber-2-5-0.dll => /usr/bin/cyglber-2-5-0.dll (0x3fd7b0000)
cygldap-2-5-0.dll => /usr/bin/cygldap-2-5-0.dll (0x3fd6a0000)
cygnghttp2-14.dll => /usr/bin/cygnghttp2-14.dll (0x3fcdb0000)
cygpsl-5.dll => /usr/bin/cygpsl-5.dll (0x3fc4e0000)
cygssh2-1.dll => /usr/bin/cygssh2-1.dll (0x3fc190000)
cygssl-1.1.dll => /usr/bin/cygssl-1.1.dll (0x3fc090000)
cygzstd-1.dll => /usr/bin/cygzstd-1.dll (0x3fb840000)
cygbrotlicommon-1.dll => /usr/bin/cygbrotlicommon-1.dll (0x3ffcf0000)
cyggcrypt-20.dll => /usr/bin/cyggcrypt-20.dll (0x3fecf0000)
cygidn-11.dll => /usr/bin/cygidn-11.dll (0x3fe090000)
cygintl-8.dll => /usr/bin/cygintl-8.dll (0x3fdfe0000)
cygntlm-0.dll => /usr/bin/cygntlm-0.dll (0x3fcd90000)
cygk5crypto-3.dll => /usr/bin/cygk5crypto-3.dll (0x3fd8e0000)
cygkrb5-3.dll => /usr/bin/cygkrb5-3.dll (0x3fd810000)
cygkrb5support-0.dll => /usr/bin/cygkrb5support-0.dll (0x3fd7f0000)
cygcom_err-2.dll => /usr/bin/cygcom_err-2.dll (0x3ffbd0000)
cygiconv-2.dll => /usr/bin/cygiconv-2.dll (0x3fe0d0000)
cygunistring-2.dll => /usr/bin/cygunistring-2.dll (0x3fbc40000)
cyglber-2.dll => /usr/bin/cyglber-2.dll (0x3fd730000)
cygsasl2-3.dll => /usr/bin/cygsasl2-3.dll (0x3fc3f0000)
cyggpg-error-0.dll => /usr/bin/cyggpg-error-0.dll (0x3fe6e0000)
cyggcc_s-seh-1.dll => /usr/bin/cyggcc_s-seh-1.dll (0x3fee10000)
When I try to compile with extra Coding, the situation is getting Worse ..
int main()
{
BIO *cbio;
ERR_load_crypto_strings();
cbio = BIO_new_connect("localhost:http");
if(BIO_do_connect(cbio) <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting to serve\n");
ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
}
return 0;
}
$ g++ -O0 -std=c++11 -x c++ -lssl -lcrypto ./tls.hpp
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/../../../../x86_64-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: /tmp/cc4wqkGZ.o:tls.hpp:(.text+0x23): undefined reference to `OPENSSL_init_crypto'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/../../../../x86_64-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: /tmp/cc4wqkGZ.o:tls.hpp:(.text+0x32): undefined reference to `BIO_new_connect'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/../../../../x86_64-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: /tmp/cc4wqkGZ.o:tls.hpp:(.text+0x53): undefined reference to `BIO_ctrl'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/../../../../x86_64-pc-cygwin/bin/ld: /tmp/cc4wqkGZ.o:tls.hpp:(.text+0x94): undefined reference to `ERR_print_errors_fp'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Do I do something Wrong ? .. Am I missing something ?
Thank You in advance for Your help ..
Sincerely,
